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Review
. 2023 Jun:46:63-70.
doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2023.02.001. Epub 2023 Feb 10.

Phylogenomics of nontuberculous mycobacteria respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis

Nicholas Bolden  1 , Joshua Chang Mell  2 , Jennifer Bouso Logan  3 , Paul J Planet  4
Affiliations
Review

Phylogenomics of nontuberculous mycobacteria respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis

Nicholas Bolden et al. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause severe pulmonary disease in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). These infections present unique challenges for diagnosis and treatment, prompting a recent interest in understanding NTM transmission and pathogenesis during chronic infection. Major gaps remain in our knowledge regarding basic pathogenesis, immune evasion strategies, population dynamics, recombination potential, and the evolutionary implications of host and antibiotic pressures of long-term NTM infections in pwCF. Phylogenomic techniques have emerged as an important tool for tracking global patterns of transmission and are beginning to be used to ask fundamental biological questions about adaptation to the host during pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the burden of NTM lung disease (NTM-LD), highlight the use of phylogenomics in NTM research, and address the clinical implications associated with these studies.

Keywords: Bacterial evolution; Genomics; NTM; Nontuberculous mycobacteria; Phylogeny.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Workflow of Phylogenomic Analyses.
Once genomes are assembled and annotated, a variety of tools can be applied. These tools (red) can address a variety of questions regarding the relatedness of isolates, genetic exchange events, and the selection for antibiotic or virulence genes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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