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Review
. 2023 Jan 28;11(2):387.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11020387.

The Role and Involvement of Stem Cells in Periodontology

Ancuta Goriuc  1 , Liliana Foia  1 , Karina Cojocaru  1 , Diana Diaconu-Popa  2 , Darius Sandu  3 , Ionut Luchian  3
Affiliations
Review

The Role and Involvement of Stem Cells in Periodontology

Ancuta Goriuc et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Periodontitis is a widespread inflammatory condition, characterized by a progressive deterioration of the supporting structures of the teeth. Due to the complexity of periodontal tissue and the surrounding inflammatory microenvironment, the repair of lesions at this level represents a continuous challenge. The regeneration of periodontal tissues is considered a promising strategy. Stem cells have remarkable properties, such as immunomodulatory potential, proliferation, migration, and multilineage differentiation. Thus, they can be used to repair tissue damage and reduce inflammation, potentially leading to periodontal regeneration. Among the stem cells used for periodontal regeneration, we studied dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs), non-dental stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs). Although these cells have well documented important physiological characteristics, their use in contemporary practice to repair the affected periodontium is still a challenge.

Keywords: dental mesenchymal stem cells; induced pluripotent stem cells; non-dental stem cells; periodontal regeneration; periodontitis; stem cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The role of dysbiosis in the development of periodontitis. The figure shows the influence of bacterial plaque in the development of periodontal disease (the brown spot around the tooth neck) as well as the immune response of the host (the types of cells that develop at the periodontal level).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The distribution of DMSCs, their original place and surface markers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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