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. 2023 Jan 20;14(2):276.
doi: 10.3390/genes14020276.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Native Pulawska and Three Commercial Pig Breeds Based on Microsatellite Markers

Anna Radko  1 , Anna Koseniuk  1 , Grzegorz Smołucha  1
Affiliations

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Native Pulawska and Three Commercial Pig Breeds Based on Microsatellite Markers

Anna Radko et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

Swine DNA profiling is highly important for animal identification and parentage verification and also increasingly important for meat traceability. This work aimed to analyze the genetic structure and genetic diversity in selected Polish pig breeds. The study used a set of 14 microsatellite (STR) markers recommended by ISAG for parentage verification in the native Puławska pig (PUL, n = 85) and three commercial pig breeds: Polish Large White (PLW, n = 74), Polish Landrace (PL, n = 85) and foreign breed Duroc (DUR, n = 84). Genetic differentiation among breeds accounted for 18% of the total genetic variability (AMOVA). Bayesian structure analysis (STRUCTURE) indicated that the four distinct genetic clusters obtained corresponded to the four breeds studied. The genetic Reynolds distances (Ɵw) showed a close relationship between PL and PLW breeds and the most distant for DUR and PUL pigs. The genetic differentiation values (FST) were lower between PL and PLW and higher between PUL and DUR. The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) supported the classification of the populations into four clusters.

Keywords: STR; Sus scrofa; genetic differentiation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percentages of AMOVA based on 14 STR markers.
Figure 2
Figure 2
STRUCTURE analysis of 14 STR genotypes from pigs studied. The samples were grouped by the 4 breeds (K = 4). PLW—Polish Large White; PL—Polish Landrace; PUL—Puławska Pig; DUR—Duroc.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Genetic relationships among pigs with the use of a neighbor-joining tree obtained from a method based on genetic distance. PLW—Polish Large White; PL—Polish Landrace; PUL—Puławska Pig; DUR—Duroc.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of the four pig breeds. DUR—Duroc; PUL—Puławska Pig; PL—Polish Landrace; PLW—Polish Large White. A two dimensional plot of the PCoA analysis show the clustering of four breeds. The first and second coordinates account for 56.9% and 24.5%, respectively, of the total variation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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