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. 2023 Feb 6;20(4):2871.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph20042871.

Latent Trajectories of Haematological, Hepatic, and Renal Profiles after Oil Spill Exposure: A Longitudinal Analysis

Benjamin Atta Owusu  1   2   3   4 , Apiradee Lim  1   3 , Nitinun Pongsiri  1   2 , Chanthip Intawong  5 , Sunthorn Rheanpumikankit  6 , Saijit Suksri  6 , Thammasin Ingviya  3   4   7
Affiliations

Latent Trajectories of Haematological, Hepatic, and Renal Profiles after Oil Spill Exposure: A Longitudinal Analysis

Benjamin Atta Owusu et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in crude oil has carcinogenic effects on various organ systems. This longitudinal cohort study examined the effects of oil spill exposure on the haematological, hepatic, and renal profiles of Rayong oil spill clean-up workers. The sample included 869 clean-up workers from the Rayong oil spill. Latent class mixture models were used to investigate and classify the longitudinal trajectories and trends of the haematological, hepatic, and renal indices. Subgroup analysis was used to evaluate the association between the urinary metabolites of PAHs and VOCs and haematological, hepatic, and renal parameters. Most clean-up workers (97.6%) had increasing levels of white blood cells (WBCs) (0.03 × 103 cells/µL), 94.90% of the workers had a significantly increasing trend of blood urea nitrogen (0.31 mg/dL per year), and 87.20% had a significantly increasing trend of serum creatinine (0.01 mg/dL per year). A high-decreasing trend of WBCs was seen in 2.42% (-0.73 × 103 per year). Post-exposure changes in haematological, renal, and hepatic profiles are present in workers exposed to the Rayong oil spill. This indicates possible long-term health complications and worsening renal function after exposure to PAHs and VOCs in crude oil.

Keywords: haematological profile; kidney function; latent classes; liver function; longitudinal trajectories.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Latent trends of the haematological and hepatic parameters. (A) Haemoblogin: Only 3 significant latent groups: Low-stable, Normal-stable, high-decreasing. (B) Haematocrit: Only 3 significant latent groups: Normal-low-stable, Normal-high-stable, High-decreasing. (C) White blood cell: Only 2 significant latent groups: Normal-increasing, Normal-decreasing. (D) Red blood cell: Only 3 significant latent groups: Normal-decreasing, Normal-stable, Normal-increasing. (E) Platelet counts: Only 2 significant latent groups: Normal-increasing slow, Normal-increasing sharp. (F) Absolute Neutrophil count: Two significant latent groups: Normal-stable, Normal-decreasing. (G) Blood urea nitrogen: Only 2 significant latent groups: Normal-stable, Normal-increasing. (H) Serum creatinine: Only 3 significant latent groups: Normal-decreasing, Normal-stable, Normal-increasing. (I) Aspartate aminotransferase: Only 1 latent group: Normal-decreasing. (J) aminotransferase: Only 2 significant latent groups: Normal-decreasing, Normal-stable Note: (*) represents significant trends.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Class-specific observed and predicted means of haematological, hepatic, and renal profiles.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Longitudinal trajectories by age group at baseline.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Longitudinal trajectories by smoking status.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Longitudinal trajectories of the haematological, hepatic, and renal indices by the baseline concentration of 1-OHPG.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Longitudinal trajectories of the haematological, hepatic, and renal indices by the baseline concentration of t,t-MA.
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