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. 2023 Feb 14;20(4):3348.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043348.

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Malaysian Mood Scale and Tests of Between-Group Mood Differences

Philip Chun Foong Lew  1   2 , Renée L Parsons-Smith  3   4 , Andrea Lamont-Mills  2   5 , Peter C Terry  2   6
Affiliations

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Malaysian Mood Scale and Tests of Between-Group Mood Differences

Philip Chun Foong Lew et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Mood measures have been shown to have utility for monitoring risks to mental health and to predict performance among athletes. To facilitate use in a Malaysian context, we tested a Malay-language version of the 24-item Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS), referred to as the Malaysian Mood Scale (MASMS). Following a thorough translation-back-translation process, the 24-item MASMS was administered to 4923 Malay-speaking respondents (2706 males, 2217 females; 2559 athletes, 2364 non-athletes), ranging in age from 17 to 75 years (M = 28.2 years, SD = 9.4 years). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the six-factor MASMS measurement model (CFI = 0.950, TLI = 0.940, RMSEA = 0.056 [CI 0.055, 0.058]). Convergent and divergent validity of the MASMS were supported via relationships with depression, anxiety, and stress measures. Significant differences in mood scores were found between athletes and non-athletes, males and females, and younger and older participants. Tables of normative data and profile sheets for specific groups were generated. We propose that the MASMS is a valid measure that can be used to monitor mental health status among athletes and non-athletes and that facilitates future mood-related research in Malaysia.

Keywords: BRUMS; MASMS; Malaysia; athlete; cross-cultural; mood; sport; translation; validation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure A1
Figure A1
MASMS profile sheet (population norms).
Figure A2
Figure A2
MASMS profile sheet (male athlete norms).
Figure A3
Figure A3
MASMS profile sheet (female athlete norms).
Figure A4
Figure A4
MASMS profile sheet (male non-athlete norms).
Figure A5
Figure A5
MASMS profile sheet (female non-athlete norms).
Figure 1
Figure 1
Six-factor model of the Malaysian Mood Scale.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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