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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Feb 10;24(4):3537.
doi: 10.3390/ijms24043537.

The Prognostic Value of Pentraxin-3 in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mortality Incidence

Anna Paola Capra  1 , Alessio Ardizzone  1 , Giuseppe Pantò  2 , Irene Paterniti  1 , Michela Campolo  1 , Lelio Crupi  1 , Raffaele Squeri  2 , Emanuela Esposito  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The Prognostic Value of Pentraxin-3 in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mortality Incidence

Anna Paola Capra et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Over the last three years, humanity has been facing one of the most serious health emergencies due to the global spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this scenario, the research of reliable biomarkers of mortality from COVID-19 represents a primary objective. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a highly conserved protein of innate immunity, seems to be associated with a worse outcome of the disease. Based on the above, this systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prognostic potential of PTX3 in COVID-19 disease. We included 12 clinical studies evaluating PTX3 in COVID-19 patients. From our research, we found increased PTX3 levels compared to healthy subjects, and notably, PTX3 was even more augmented in severe COVID-19 rather than non-severe cases. Moreover, we performed a meta-analysis to establish if there were differences between ICU and non-ICU COVID-19 patients in PTX3-related death. We combined 5 studies for a total of 543 ICU vs. 515 non-ICU patients. We found high significative PTX3-related death in ICU COVID-19 hospitalized individuals (184 out of 543) compared to non-ICU (37 out of 515), with an overall effect OR: 11.30 [2.00, 63.73]; p = 0.006. In conclusion, we probed PTX3 as a reliable marker of poor outcomes after COVID-19 infection as well as a predictor of hospitalized patients' stratification.

Keywords: COVID-19; Pentraxin-3 (PTX3); SARS-CoV-2; immunopathology; mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram. The figure describes every step of search strategy and screening, all process was performed according to PRISMA-P guidelines.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of the studies included in the quantitative synthesis. The forest plot describes the mortality incidence between ICU and non-ICU patients in which PTX3 levels were assessed. The death of patients is referred as events compared to the total number of subjects. Squares display the effect estimate (ORs) with the size of each blue square corresponding to the weight given to each study in the meta-analysis. Horizontal lines represent the 95% CIs corresponding to each effect estimate. The black diamond represents the overall effect of intervention with its width representing the overall 95% CI. The I2 statistic represents a measure of heterogeneity. Overall effect OR: 11.30 [2.00, 63.73]; p = 0.006.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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