Retrospective Analysis of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Use in Cardiology Ward Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography between 2012 and 2020

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the rate and risk factors of in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography/angioplasty with IABP use as support. We included 214 patients (mean age: 67.5 ± 7.5 years, M/F: 143/71) with an IABP used as the periprocedural support between 2012 and 2020. The main indications for an IABP were cardiogenic shock (143 pts; 66.8%: 55 survivors (51.9%)/88 non-survivors (81.5%); p < 0.001) and infarction with an initial significant impairment of ventricular function (34 pts; 15.9%: 21 (19.8%)/13 (12%); p = 0.12). In-hospital death was the endpoint of this study. In-hospital death occurred in 108 (50.5%, M/F: 69.4%/30.6%) patients. The mean hospitalization time was 7 days (2-13); deaths occurred more frequently on the first day after the procedure (1 (1-3 days) vs. 3 (1-8), p < 0.001); and the mean hospitalization time was 2 days (1-6) for non-survivors vs. 11 days (7-17) for survivors (p < 0.001). Regarding the patients who did not survive, they were older (69 vs. 66.5, p = 0.043), their LVEF was lower (0-15%: 15 (13.9%) vs. 12 (11.3%); 16-40%: 73 (67.6%) vs. 65 (61.3%); >40%: 14 (13%) vs. 29 (27.4%); p = 0.007), and hyperlipidemia was less common (30 (27.8%) vs. 55 (51.9%) pts, p = 0.001) than in those who survived. The IABP is still a method for cardiac support; however, mortality limits its use.

Keywords: intra-aortic balloon pump; outcome; percutaneous coronary interventions.