In Vitro Study of Biological Activity of Tanacetum vulgare Extracts

Abstract

Tanacetum vulgare is an herbaceous plant widely used in folk medicine. It is rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, which have pharmacological and medicinal properties, such as anthelmintic, antispasmodic, tonic, antidiabetic, diuretic, and antihypertensive. This study aimed to confirm the presence of biologically active substances in Tanacetum vulgare and to determine the pharmacological spectrum of biological activity of Tanacetum vulgare extract components. When preparing Tanacetum vulgare extracts, the highest yield was observed when using the maceration method with a mixture of solvents methanol + trifluoroacetic acid (22.65 ± 0.68%). The biologically active substances in Tanacetum vulgare extract samples were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Biologically active substances such as luteolin-7-glucoside (550.80 mg/kg), chlorogenic acid (5945.40 mg/kg), and rosmarinic acid (661.31 mg/kg) were identified. Their structures were determined. The experiments have confirmed the antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Secondary metabolites of Tanacetum vulgare extracts have been found to have previously unknown biological activity types; experimental confirmation of their existence will advance phytochemical research and lead to the development of new drugs.

Keywords: Tanacetum vulgare; biological activity; biologically active substances; extracts; high-performance liquid chromatography.

Figure 1

HPLC chromatogram of T. vulgare extract samples (Methanol–TFA).

Figure 2

Absorption spectrum of luteolin-7-glucoside isolated from T. vulgare extracts.

Figure 3

Absorption spectrum of chlorogenic acid isolated from T. vulgare extracts.

Figure 4

Absorption spectrum of rosmarinic acid isolated from T. vulgare extracts.

Figure 5

Structure of BASs from T. vulgare extracts: (a) luteolin-7-glucoside; (b) chlorogenic acid; (c) rosmarinic acid.

Figure 5

Structure of BASs from T. vulgare extracts: (a) luteolin-7-glucoside; (b) chlorogenic acid; (c) rosmarinic acid.

Figure 6

Binding conformations after molecular docking for the most potent targets and ligands: (a) Rosmarinic acid, the diagram shows the formation of a salt bridge with a magnesium ion, as well as the interaction with the electrostatic surface of the binding site with 2BV3; (b) chlorogenic acid, hydrogen bond diagram and electrostatic binding site surface with 2GO4; (c) luteolin-7-O-glycoside, hydrogen bond diagram and electrostatic surface of the binding site with 2PD4; (d) ligand interaction diagram for 2BV3 with natural ligand; (e) ligand interaction diagram for 2GO4 with natural ligand; and (f) ligand interaction diagram for 2PD4 with natural ligand.