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. 2023 Feb 7;12(4):749.
doi: 10.3390/plants12040749.

An Update of the Cenchrinae (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae) and a New Genus for the Subtribe to Clarify the Dubious Position of a Species of Panicum L

Carolina Delfini  1 , Sandra S Aliscioni  1   2 , Juan M Acosta  1 , José F Pensiero  3 , Fernando O Zuloaga  1
Affiliations

An Update of the Cenchrinae (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae) and a New Genus for the Subtribe to Clarify the Dubious Position of a Species of Panicum L

Carolina Delfini et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Subtribe Cenchrinae, so-called as the "bristle clade", is a monophyletic group of panicoid grasses characterized by having sterile branches or bristles on the inflorescences in most of its species. Within this subtribe is also placed Panicum antidotale Retz., an "incertae sedis" species of Panicum L. which lacks bristles along the inflorescence. In this study, we present an update of the subtribe Cenchrinae based on molecular, morphological, and anatomical evidence to clarify the systematic position of P. antidotale in the Cenchrinae, excluding it from Panicum and establishing it in a new genus (i.e., Janochloa Zuloaga & Delfini); the morphological features distinguishing the new genus from other closely related taxa are properly discussed and an identification key to the 24 genera recognized within Cenchrinae is presented. We also add American Setaria species, not tested before, of subgenera Paurochaetium and Reverchoniae, discussing the position of these taxa in actual phylogeny of the genus as well as defining placements in the tree of Setaria species that were imprecisely located in previous analyses. A comparison with the results from other studies, comments on Stenotaphrum Trin. and a brief discussion on conflicting placements in Cenchrus and related taxa, and of Acritochaete Pilg. are also included.

Keywords: Janochloa; Panicum antidotale; Paspalidium; Paurochaetium; Reverchoniae; bristle clade; ndhF.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Maximum Clade Credibility Tree (MCCT) from the Bayesian inference analysis based on the chloroplast ndhF gene. Bootstrap supports from parsimony are listed above the branches and bootstrap supports from maximum likelihood/posterior probabilities from Bayesian inference are listed below the branches. Nodes with “–” have posterior probabilities and bootstrap supports <0.50 and <50%, respectively. Clades/taxa in bold and/or denoted by letters are discussed in the text. The new genus, Janochloa Zuloaga & Delfini, is highlighted in red, and the species of subgenera Paurochaetium and Reverchoniae of Setaria in blue.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Janochloa antidotale (Retz.) Zuloaga & Delfini: (A). Plant; (B). Ligular region; (C). Spikelet, ventral view; (D). Spikelet, dorsal view; (E). Spikelet, lateral view; (F). Lower palea, dorsal view; (G). Lower palea, ventral view; (H). Upper anthecium, dorsal view; (I). Upper anthecium, ventral view; (J). Caryopsis, embryo view; (K). Caryopsis, hilum view. [(A–K): F.O. Zuloaga et al. 7091 (SI); Drawn by Vladimiro Dudás].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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