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. 2023 Feb 9:10:1041115.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1041115. eCollection 2023.

Can circulating oxidative stress-related biomarkers be used as an early prognostic marker for COVID-19?

Pelin Uysal  1 , Arzu Yüksel  2 , Sinem Durmus  3 , Çaglar Cuhadaroglu  4 , Remise Gelisgen  3 , Hafize Uzun  5
Affiliations

Can circulating oxidative stress-related biomarkers be used as an early prognostic marker for COVID-19?

Pelin Uysal et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and oxidative stress and the severity of the disease in new COVID-19 patients, and, to compare the levels of NF-κB, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and lectin-like oxidized-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) with oxygen saturation, which is an indicator of the severity parameters of the disease in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, 100 COVID-19 patients and 100 healthy subjects were selected.

Results: LOX-1, NF-κB, and oxLDL were found to be higher in COVID-19 patients compared to the healthy subjects (p < 0.001 for all). According to the results of correlation analysis, it was found that there was no significant relationship between oxygen saturation and LOX-1, NF-κB and oxLDL parameters. There was significant relationship between oxLDL with LOX-1 and NF-κB in patients with COVID-19 disease. ROC analysis results of the highest discrimination power were oxLDL (AUC: 0.955, CI: 0.904-1.000; sensitivity: 77%, and specificity: 100%, for cutoff: 127.944 ng/l) indicating COVID-19.

Conclusion: Oxidative stress plays an essential role in COVID-19. NF-κB, oxLDL, and LOX-1 seem to represent good markers in COVID-19. Our study also showed that oxLDL has the highest power in distinguishing patients with COVID-19 from the healthy subjects.

Keywords: COVID-19; lectin-like oxidized-LDL receptor-1; lipid metabolism; nuclear factor kappa B; oxidized LDL.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Dot graphs of population age distribution.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Diagnostic criteria of ROC curve for selected parameters in COVID-19.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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