Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Case Reports
. 2023 Feb 3:31:e01704.
doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01704. eCollection 2023.

Lyme neuroborreliosis with encephalitis: A rare case

Simone Bruhn Rosendahl  1 , Pernille Ravn  1 , Anne-Mette Lebech  2   3 , Christian Peter Midtgaard Stenør  4   3
Affiliations
Case Reports

Lyme neuroborreliosis with encephalitis: A rare case

Simone Bruhn Rosendahl et al. IDCases. .

Abstract

Encephalitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a rare clinical manifestation of Lyme neuroborreliosis and only in few cases have brain parenchymal inflammation been documented. Here, we present a case of Lyme neuroborreliosis with encephalitis with significant parenchymal inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an immunosuppressed patient.

Keywords: Encephalitis; Immunosuppression; Lyme neuroborreliosis; MRI; Neuroinfection.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

SBR, PR, CMS: none. AML: outside of the present work, AML reports unrestricted grants for Gilead, speakers honorarium/travel grants/advisory board activity from Gilead/GSK and speakers honorarium/advisory board activity from Pfizer.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
MRI FLAIR with bilateral hyperintensities in A: basal gangliae and thalami (arrows), B: medial temporal lobes and mesencephalon (wide arrows). There was no abnormal contrast enhancement including meninges and no areas of restricted diffusion (not shown). These changes completely resolved on a follow-up MRI (not shown).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Garcia-Monco J.C., Benach J.L. Lyme neuroborreliosis: clinical outcomes, controversy, pathogenesis, and polymicrobial infections. Ann Neurol. 2019;85(1):21–31. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mygland A., Ljøstad U., Fingerle V., Rupprecht T., Schmutzhard E., Steiner I. EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of European Lyme neuroborreliosis. Eur J Neurol. 2010;17(1):8–16. [e1–4] - PubMed
    1. Granerod J., Ambrose H.E., Davies N.W., et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(12):835–844. - PubMed
    1. Venkatesan A., Tunkel A.R., Bloch K.C., et al. Case definitions, diagnostic algorithms, and priorities in encephalitis: consensus statement of the international encephalitis consortium. Clin Infect Dis: Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2013;57(8):1114–1128. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Knudtzen F.C., Eikeland R., Bremell D., et al. Lyme neuroborreliosis with encephalitis; a systematic literature review and a Scandinavian cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect: Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022;28(5):649–656. - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources