The Wound Healing Potential of Lignosus rhinocerus and Other Ethno-myco Wound Healing Agents

Abstract

Wound care has become increasingly important over the years. Various synthetic products for wound care treatment have been reported to cause toxic side effects and therefore natural products are in significant demand as they have minimal side effects. The presence of bioactive compounds in medicinal mushrooms contributes to various biological activities which assist in the early inflammatory phase, keratinocyte proliferation, and its migration enhancement which are pertinent to wound rehabilitation. Lignosus rhinocerus (tiger milk mushroom) can reduce the inflammation phase in wound healing by fighting off bacterial infection and modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in the early stage to avoid prolonged inflammation and tissue damage. The antibacterial, immunomodulating, and anti-inflammatory activities exhibited by most macrofungi play a key role in enhancing wound healing. Several antibacterial and antifungal compounds sourced from traditional botanicals/products may prevent further complications and reoccurrence of injury to a wounded site. Scientific studies are actively underway to ascertain the potential use of macrofungi as a wound healing agent.

Keywords: Lignosus rhinocerus; Macrofungi; Tiger milk mushroom; ethnobotanical uses; wound healing.

Figure 1.

Graphical scheme of key parameters in enhancing wound healing.

Figure 2.

The isometric view of styptic bandage, invented in 1963 to facilitate the stanching of bleeding [144].