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Review
. 2023 Feb 16;11(2):460.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020460.

Approaches for Selective Vaccinations in Cirrhotic Patients

Giovanni Casella  1 , Fabio Ingravalle  2 , Adriana Ingravalle  3 , Stefano Andreotti  4 , Fulvio Bonetti  5 , Claudio Monti  5 , Rosanna Falbo  6 , Maria Grazia Rumi  7
Affiliations
Review

Approaches for Selective Vaccinations in Cirrhotic Patients

Giovanni Casella et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

Bacterial and viral infections are common in cirrhotic patients, and their occurrence is associated with the severity of liver disease. Bacterial infection may increase the probability of death by 3.75 times in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, with ranges of 30% at 1 month and 63% at 1 year after infection. We illustrate the indications and the modalities for vaccinating cirrhotic patients. This topic is important for general practitioners and specialists.

Keywords: chronic liver diseases; cirrhosis; cirrhotic patients; general practitioners; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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