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Review
. 2023 Mar 3;3(2):151-156.
doi: 10.21873/cdp.10194. eCollection 2023 Mar-Apr.

Anti-EGFR/BRAF-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Carcinoma

Vasileios Papanikolaou  1 , Efthymios Kyrodimos  1 , Nicholas Mastronikolis  2 , Asimakis D Asimakopoulos  3 , George Papanastasiou  4 , Evangelos Tsiambas  5 , Despoina Spyropoulou  6 , Spyros Katsinis  7 , Arezina Manoli  8 , Sotirios Papouliakos  9 , Pavlos Pantos  1 , Vasileios Ragos  4 , Dimitrios Peschos  10 , Aristeidis Chrysovergis  1
Affiliations
Review

Anti-EGFR/BRAF-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Carcinoma

Vasileios Papanikolaou et al. Cancer Diagn Progn. .

Abstract

Alterations in significant genes located on chromosome 7 - including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and also v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) - combined or not with numerical imbalances of the whole chromosome (aneuploidy-polysomy) are crucial genetic events involved in the development and progression of malignancies. Identification of EGFR/BRAF-dependent specific somatic mutations and other mechanisms of deregulation (i.e., amplification) is critical for applying targeted therapeutic approaches [tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs] or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Thyroid carcinoma is a specific pathological entity characterized by a variety of histological sub-types. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represent its main sub-types. In the current review, we explore the role of EGFR/BRAF alterations in thyroid carcinoma in conjunction with the corresponding anti-EGFR/BRAF TKI-based novel therapeutic strategies for patients with specific genetic signatures.

Keywords: Thyroid; carcinoma; epidermal growth factor; kinase; receptor; review; tyrosine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The Authors have no conflicts of interest to declare in relation to this study.

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