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. 2023 Mar 8;13(1):3911.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30644-6.

Association of smoking and osteoarthritis in US (NHANES 1999-2018)

Senbo Zhu  1   2 , Lichen Ji  1   2 , Zeju He  1   2 , Wei Zhang  1 , Yu Tong  1 , Junchao Luo  1   2 , Zheping Hong  1 , Yin Zhang  1 , Dongsheng Yu  1 , Qiong Zhang  3 , Qing Bi  4   5
Affiliations

Association of smoking and osteoarthritis in US (NHANES 1999-2018)

Senbo Zhu et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Little is currently known about the effect of smoking on osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking and OA in the United States (US) general population. Cross-sectional study. Level of evidence, 3. 40,201 eligible participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 were included and divided into OA and non-arthritis groups. Participants demographics and characteristics were compared between the two groups. Then the participants were divided into non-smokers, former smokers, and current smokers based on their smoking status, also demographics and characteristics among the three groups were compared. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between smoking and OA. The current and former smoking rate in the OA group (53.0%) was significantly higher than that in the non-arthritis group (42.5%; p < 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis including body mass index (BMI), age, sex, race, education level, hypertension, diabetes, asthma and cardiovascular disease showed that smoking was an association for OA. This large national study highlights a positive association between smoking and OA prevalence in the general US population. It is necessary to further study the relationship between smoking and OA in order to determine the specific mechanism of smoking on OA.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of study participants.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Logistic regression analysis of smoke for OA in participants ≥ 20 years old in NHANES (1999–2018).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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