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. 2022 Dec;21(4):1088-1095.
doi: 10.1007/s12663-022-01729-y. Epub 2022 May 28.

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Developing from Oral Lichen Planus: A 5-21 year Retrospective Study

Kawe Sagheb #  1 , Sebastian Blatt #  2 , Roman-Kia Rahimi-Nedjat  2 , Abdullatif Lingawi  3 , Eik Schiegnitz  2 , Vinay V Kumar  4   5 , Christian Walter  2   6 , Keyvan Sagheb  2
Affiliations

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Developing from Oral Lichen Planus: A 5-21 year Retrospective Study

Kawe Sagheb et al. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2022 Dec.

Abstract

Background and aims: There is insufficient data regarding clinical characteristics, relapse rates, as well as lymph node metastasis of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (OSCC) developing from oral lichen planus (OLP-OSCC). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, as well as relapse, recurrence and survival rates of OLP-OSCC.

Methods: In a retrospective monocenter analysis, all consecutive patients with an OSCC treated in the time period 1st January 2000-December 31 2016 were reviewed. All patients with OSCC developing from OLP/OLL (oral lichenoid lesions) were identified and analyzed for epidemiological data, risk profile, location of primary tumor, pTNM classification, lymph node metastasis, primary therapy, recurrence, and outcome.

Results: A total of 103 patients (45%♂/ 55%♀) with an average age of 62 ± 14 year were included in this study. At the time of initial diagnosis, 17% (n = 18) of patients had cervical metastases (CM) whereas only 11% (11 patients) displayed advanced tumor sizes (T > 2). T-status (p = 0.003) and histopathological grading (p = 0.001) had an impact on the incidence of CM. 39.6% of the patients developed a relapse after an average of 24 months with a mean of two recurrences per patient. Advanced tumor size had a significant impact on the 5 year overall survival and was associated with disease-free survival of the patients (p < 0.001, respectively p = 0.004).

Conclusion: Although initial lymph node metastases were not more frequent, more aggressive recurrence patterns compared to OSCC were seen for OLP-OSCC. Therefore, based on the study results, a modified recall for these patients is suggested.

Keywords: Head and neck cancer; Lymphatic metastasis; Oral cancer; Oral lichen planus; Relapse.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest/no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Overall survival based on the tumor size (p < 0.001 for T4)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Disease-free survival based on the tumor size (p = 0.004 for T4)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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