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. 2023 Mar 9;18(3):e0282697.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282697. eCollection 2023.

Functional capacity testing in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) using the one-minute sit-to-stand test (1-min STST)

Christina Kronberger  1 , Roya Anahita Mousavi  1 , Begüm Öztürk  2 , Robin Willixhofer  1 , Theresa-Marie Dachs  1 , René Rettl  1 , Luciana Camuz-Ligios  1 , Nima Rassoulpour  1 , Christoph Krall  3 , Brigitte Litschauer  4 , Roza Badr Eslam  1
Affiliations

Functional capacity testing in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) using the one-minute sit-to-stand test (1-min STST)

Christina Kronberger et al. PLoS One. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: The one-minute sit-to-stand-test (1-min STST) is a quick, space saving test to evaluate functional capacity. Exercise testing plays an important role in the long-term follow-up of pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients and is currently evaluated using the six-minute-walk-test (6MWT). The aim of the study was to assess the convergent validity of the 1-min STST in patients with PH and its association with markers of PH severity.

Methods: We evaluated 106 PH patients with the 1-min-STST and 6MWT and measured cardiorespiratory parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation) before and after test conduction. N-terminal pro brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), WHO functional class (WHO-FC) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) were defined as markers of PH severity.

Results: Strong correlation was found between performances of 1-min STST and 6MWT (r = .711, p < .001), indicating convergent validity. Both tests were inversely associated with NT-proBNP (STST: r = -.405, p < .001; 6MWT: r = -.358, p < .001), WHO-FC (STST: r = -.591, p < .001; 6MWT: r = -.643, p < .001) and mPAP (STST: r = -.280, p < .001; 6MWT: r = -.250, p < .001). Significant changes in cardiorespiratory parameters were observed in both tests (all p < 0.001). Further the post-exercise cardiorespiratory parameters correlated strongly between the 1-min STST and 6MWT (all r ≥ .651, all p < .001).

Conclusion: The 1-min STST demonstrated good convergent validity with the 6MWT and was associated with markers of PH severity. Furthermore, both exercise tests caused similar cardiorespiratory responses.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. 1-min STST versus 6MWT.
(A) Correlation between z-scores of the 1-min STST and 6MWT and (B) corresponding Bland Altman plot. The solid line represents the mean difference of the methods (mean bias) and the dashed lines indicate the upper and lower limit of agreement. Filled circles represent individual measurements. Abbreviations. 1-min STST = one-minute sit-to-stand test; STST = sit-to-stand test; 6MWT = six-minute walk test.
Fig 2
Fig 2. 1-min STST and 6MWT performance in relation to WHO functional class.
Abbreviations. 1-min STST = one-minute sit-to-stand test; reps = number of repetitions; 6MWD = six-minute walk distance, WHO-FC = World Health Organization functional class; STST = sit-to-stand test.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Line charts and box plots illustrating heart rate and SpO2 –STST versus 6MWT.
Timepoints: 1 = before test, 2 = immediately after test performance, 3 = three minutes after test. Each box plot displays the following information: The heavy central line is the median value, the bottom and top lines of the box are the first and third quartiles of the data and individual dots are outlier data. Abbreviations. HR = heart rate; bpm = beats per minute; SpO2 = peripheral oxygen saturation; STST = sit-to stand test, 6MWT = six-minute walk test.
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