Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Mar 9;28(1):113.
doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01056-z.

Incidence and predictors of mortality among adult trauma patients admitted to the intensive care units of comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia

Mengistu Abebe Messelu  1 , Ambaye Dejen Tilahun  2 , Zerko Wako Beko  3 , Hussien Endris  4 , Asnake Gashaw Belayneh  5 , Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema  6
Affiliations

Incidence and predictors of mortality among adult trauma patients admitted to the intensive care units of comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia

Mengistu Abebe Messelu et al. Eur J Med Res. .

Abstract

Background: Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adult population in the world. Despite many improvements in technology and care, mortality among trauma patients in the intensive care unit is still high particularly in Ethiopia. However, there is limited evidence on the incidence and predictors of mortality among trauma patients in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of mortality among adult trauma patients admitted to intensive care units.

Methods: Institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted from January 9, 2019 to January 8, 2022. A total of 421 samples were chosen using simple random sampling. Data were collected with Kobo toolbox software and exported to STATA version 14.1 software for data analysis. Kaplan-Meier failure curve and log-rank test were fitted to explore the survival difference among groups. After the bivariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis, an Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) was reported to declare the strength of association and statistical significance, respectively.

Result: The overall incidence rate of mortality was 5.47 per 100 person-day observation with a median survival time of 14 days. Did not get pre-hospital care (AHR = 2.00, 95%CI 1.13, 3.53), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score < 9 (AHR = 3.89, 95%CI 1.67, 9.06), presence of complications (AHR = 3.71, 95%CI 1.29, 10.64), hypothermia at admission (AHR = 2.11, 95%CI 1.13, 3.93) and hypotension at admission (AHR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.01, 3.66) were found significant predictors of mortality among trauma patients.

Conclusion: The incidence rate of mortality among trauma patients in the ICU was high. Did not get pre-hospital care, GCS < 9, presence of complications, hypothermia, and hypotension at admission were significant predictors of mortality. Therefore, healthcare providers should give special attention to trauma patients with low GCS scores, complications, hypotension, and hypothermia and better to strengthen pre-hospital services to reduce the incidence of mortality.

Keywords: Cox regression; Incidence; Intensive care unit; Mortality; Trauma patients.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
A schematic presentation of sampling procedures used to select trauma patients admitted to the ICU in comprehensive specialized hospitals Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Kaplan–Meier failure curve for trauma patients admitted to the ICU in comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Kaplan–Meier failure curve by GCS score for trauma patients admitted to the ICU comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Kaplan–Meier failure curve by pre-hospital care for trauma patients admitted to the ICU comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Kaplan–Meier survival curve by the presence of complications for trauma patients admitted to the ICU comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Kaplan–Meier failure curve by hypotension for trauma patients admitted to the ICU comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Kaplan–Meier failure curve by hypothermia for trauma patients admitted to the ICU comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Amhara, 2022
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. ACS . Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) introduction. Chicago, United States: American College of Surgeons; 2018.
    1. WHO. Injuries and violence. 2021.
    1. Ali S, Destaw Z, Misganaw A, Worku A, Negash L, Bekele A, et al. The burden of injuries in Ethiopia from 1990–2017: evidence from the global burden of disease study. Inj Epidemiol. 2020;7(1):1–11. doi: 10.1186/s40621-020-00292-9. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Aregago G, Gishu T, Getaneh E, Tirore LL, Abame DE, Meskele S. Incidence of mortality and its predictors among patients with head injury admitted to adult intensive care unit at AaBET and ALERT hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. J Family Med Primary Care. 2022;11(9):5277–5284. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2129_21. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Anteneh A, Endris BS. Injury related adult deaths in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: analysis of data from verbal autopsy. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):926. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08944-7. - DOI - PMC - PubMed