Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Feb 20:32:102159.
doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102159. eCollection 2023 Apr.

Epidemiology of hypertension among adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mulugeta Mekonene  1   2 , Kaleab Baye  1 , Samson Gebremedhin  3
Affiliations

Epidemiology of hypertension among adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mulugeta Mekonene et al. Prev Med Rep. .

Abstract

The public health significance of hypertension is increasing in low- and middle-income countries. However, there is limited epidemiological evidence in Ethiopia. We assessed the prevalence of hypertension and explored its predictors among adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2021 among randomly selected adults aged 18-64 years. A face-to-face interview using an adapted STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) questionnaire was conducted. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model was fitted to determine factors associated with hypertension. The sample consisted of a total of 600 adults (mean age: 31.2 ± 11.4 years, 51.7% women). The overall age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 22.1% and 47.8% according to the Seventh Joint National Commission (JNC7) and the 2017 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, respectively. About 25.6% were newly diagnosed with hypertension. The age groups of 40-54 years (AOR = 8.97; 95% CI: 2.35,34.23), and 55-64 years (AOR = 19.28; 95% CI: 3.96,93.83) as compared to the 18-24 age group, male sex (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.22,6.87), obesity (AOR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.02,3.59), abdominal obesity (AOR = 4.26; 95% CI: 1.42,12.81), and very poor sleep quality (AOR = 3.35; 95% CI: 1.15,9.78) were independent predictors of hypertension. This study revealed that the burden of hypertension among adults is very high. Hypertension is independently associated with older age group, male sex, obesity, abdominal obesity, and poor sleep quality. Therefore, the study highlights the need to develop regular blood pressure surveillance programs, weight loss intervention, and improvement of sleep quality.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Hypertension; Non-communicable diseases; Obesity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Prevalence of hypertension among adults according to JNC7 and ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, June 2021 (N = 600). Note. JNC = Joint National Commission; ACC = American College of Cardiology; AHA = American Heart Association.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice, C., American Diabetes Association Professional Practice, C., Draznin, B., Aroda, V.R., Bakris, G., Benson, G., Brown, F.M., Freeman, R., Green, J., et al. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(Supplement_1):S17-S38. Doi: 10.2337/dc22-S002. - PubMed
    1. Asemu M.M., Yalew A.W., Kabeta N.D., Mekonnen D., Kirchmair R. Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults: a community based study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2021;16(4):e0248934. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248934. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Badego B., Yoseph A., Astatkie A., Odoi A. Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among civil servants in Sidama Zone, south Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2020;15(6):e0234485. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234485. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chobanian A.V., Bakris G.L., Black H.R., Cushman W.C., Green L.A., Izzo J.L., Jones D.W., Materson B.J., Oparil S., Wright J.T., Roccella E.J. Seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42(6):1206–1252. - PubMed
    1. Cochran W.G. 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons; New York: 1977. Sampling techniques.

LinkOut - more resources