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Review
. 2023 Feb 23;13(5):836.
doi: 10.3390/nano13050836.

Grape Waste Materials-An Attractive Source for Developing Nanomaterials with Versatile Applications

Anda Maria Baroi  1   2 , Elwira Sieniawska  3 , Łukasz Świątek  4 , Irina Fierascu  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Grape Waste Materials-An Attractive Source for Developing Nanomaterials with Versatile Applications

Anda Maria Baroi et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

In the last decade, researchers have focused on the recycling of agro-food wastes for the production of value-added products. This eco-friendly trend is also observed in nanotechnology, where recycled raw materials may be processed into valuable nanomaterials with practical applications. Regarding environmental safety, replacing hazardous chemical substances with natural products obtained from plant wastes is an excellent opportunity for the "green synthesis" of nanomaterials. This paper aims to critically discuss plant waste, with particular emphasis on grape waste, methods of recovery of active compounds, and nanomaterials obtained from by-products, along with their versatile applications, including healthcare uses. Moreover, the challenges that may appear in this field, as well as future perspectives, are also included.

Keywords: grape waste; healthcare applications; metal nanoparticle; nanotechnology; phytochemicals.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Forms of grape consumption and the obtained residues.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic presentation of the extraction methods.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bottom-up and top-down approaches for NP synthesis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Methods of preparation of different nanomaterials, including examples of grape waste use. (Designed by Brgfx/Freepik).
Figure 5
Figure 5
The synthesis of metal nanoparticles based on grape waste: (A) a general procedure; (B) the physicochemical process of forming metal nanoparticles. (Designed by Brgfx/Freepik).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Proposed mechanism for obtaining metal nanoparticles via plant extracts.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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