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. 2023 Feb 23:14:1105603.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1105603. eCollection 2023.

Raman spectroscopy detects chemical differences between potato tubers produced under normal and heat stress growing conditions

Sanjeev Gautam  1 , Rohini Morey  2 , Nina Rau  1 , Douglas C Scheuring  1 , Dmitry Kurouski  2 , M Isabel Vales  1
Affiliations

Raman spectroscopy detects chemical differences between potato tubers produced under normal and heat stress growing conditions

Sanjeev Gautam et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Potato is the most consumed vegetable worldwide. Potato tubers contain water, starch, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. The amounts of these chemicals depend on the cultivar and growing location. When potatoes are exposed to high temperatures during the growing period, tuber yield and quality are detrimentally affected; however, there is limited knowledge about the influence of high temperatures on tuber chemical composition. With temperatures rising around the globe, the reaction of potato cultivars to high temperatures is increasingly important, and heat-induced changes, including changes in the chemical composition of tubers, should be considered. The Texas A&M University Potato Breeding Program has been selecting potato clones under high-temperature conditions for many years. Several released cultivars are considered heat-tolerant based on high marketable yields and low internal and external tuber defects. In this study, we used Raman spectroscopy (RS), an analytical tool, to determine whether heat stress causes changes in the chemical composition of tubers of ten potato cultivars. RS is a non-invasive method that requires less time and labor than conventional chemical analysis. We found drastic changes in the intensities of vibrational bands that originate from carbohydrates in the spectra acquired from tubers of heat-stressed plants compared to tubers produced by potato plants grown under normal conditions. These results demonstrate that RS could be used as a replacement or complement to conventional chemical analysis to inspect the effect of heat stress on tuber chemical composition.

Keywords: Raman spectoscopy; Solanum tuberosum spp. tuberosum L; abiotic stress; global warming; high temperature; quality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of temperature and clone on different traits (2020). (A) Tuber Specific gravity, (B) Tuber dry matter (C) Total reducing sugars (glucose + fructose) in tubers, (D) Protein (% Dry weight basis). The following potato clones were used in the experiment: AT (Atlantic), CO (COTX09022-3RuRE/Y), RR (Reveille Russet), RB (Russet Burbank), RN (Russet Norkotah), RN278 (Russet Norkotah 278), RN296 (Russet Norkotah 296), Sierra Gold (SG), Vanguard Russet (VR) and Yukon Gold (YG). Bars with the same letter were not significantly different at p≤ 0.05.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of temperature and clone on different traits (2021). (A) Tuber Specific gravity, (B) Tuber dry matter (C) Total reducing sugars (glucose + fructose) in tubers, (D) Protein (% DW). The following potato clones were used in the experiment: AT (Atlantic), CO (COTX09022-3RuRE/Y), RR (Reveille Russet), RB (Russet Burbank), RN (Russet Norkotah), RN278 (Russet Norkotah 278), RN296 (Russet Norkotah 296), Sierra Gold (SG), Vanguard Russet (VR) and Yukon Gold (YG). Bars with the same letter were not significantly different at p≤ 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Phenotypic variance explained for some selected traits in potatoes grown under normal vs. heat stress conditions (2020 and 2021).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Averaged Raman spectra of tubers of ten potato cultivars grown under normal vs. heat stress greenhouse conditions (2020).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Averaged Raman spectra of tubers of ten potato cultivars grown under normal vs. heat stress greenhouse conditions (2021).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Selected vibrational bands correspond to different chemicals (A) Starch, (B) Phenylptopananoids, (C) Carotenoids, (D) Proteins in the tubers (2021). Means are indicated as a circle, and the bars indicate confidence intervals for the intensity (x axis) of the spectra. Statistically significant differences for a particular Raman band when comparing clones growing under normal vs. heat stress conditions were denoted with red and blue colors.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Mean (circles) and confidence interval (bars) at 1527 cm-1 (carotenoids) for three yellow flesh potato clones.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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