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. 2023 Mar;47(1):68-72.
doi: 10.1007/s12639-022-01540-z. Epub 2022 Oct 23.

Molecular prevalence of tick-borne haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle of North Eastern state of Tripura, India

Mritunjay Kumar  1 , Jowel Debnath  2 , Apurba Debbarma  3 , H Lalrinkima  4
Affiliations

Molecular prevalence of tick-borne haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle of North Eastern state of Tripura, India

Mritunjay Kumar et al. J Parasit Dis. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

The tick-borne haemoprotozoan diseases are major constraint in the health and production of cattle and causes substantial losses to the livestock industry throughout the world. Tripura is a northeastern state of India characterized by a warm humid tropical climate and high rainfall which is conducive to the multiplication of vector-ticks of haemoprotozoan diseases. A total of 320 tick-infested cattle (22 male and 298 female) of either sex was selected randomly from different district of Tripura for the detection of carrier cattle infected with tick-borne haemoparasites from July, 2017 to June, 2019. Out of 320 tick-infected cattle, 4.69% prevalence of B. bigemina infection in cattle was found while Theleria spp. was not prevalent in the collected blood sample by using polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of B. bigemina was significantly (< 0.05) higher in cattle more than 3 years of age (6.72%) compared to the 1-3 years age group (3.97%) and < 1 year age groups (1.66%). Sex-wise B. bigemina infection was significantly (< 0.05) seen only in female (5.03%) cattle infested with ticks. The district-wise B. bigemina prevalence (%) in Tripura was as in cattle; Dhalai (0.63), Sipahijala (0.31), Khowai (0.31), Gomati (0.31), South Tripura (0.63), North Tripura (0.31), Unakoti (0.31) and West Tripura (1.87) respectively. The use of PCR assays for the detection of B. bigemina and Theileria spp. in the North Eastern state of Tripura of India showed prevalence of 4.69% and 0%, respectively in tick-infested cattle. This study is the first report about the prevalence of tick-borne haemoprotozoan diseases from cattle of Tripura and suggest that babesiosis is more common disease as compared to theileriosis and is more prevalent in adult female tick-infested cattle in Tripura.

Keywords: Babesia; Cattle; Haemoprotozoan; Molecular; Prevalence; Tick-borne.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestAuthors declared that there is no conflict of interest among the authors.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PCR amplification of gene of Babesia bigemina Lane 1: PCR amplification of microscopically positive control blood sample (B. bigemina) Lane 2: PCR amplification of positive blood sample (B. bigemina) Lane 3 & 4: PCR amplification of blood sample from random tick infested cattle (Theileria spp.) Lane M: 100 bp DNA ladder
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
District wise prevalance percentage (%) of Babesia in Tripura
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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