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. 2023 Feb:18:197-203.
doi: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0055. Epub 2023 Mar 14.

Effects of hypertonic solutions on two species of human intestinal parasites during fecal examination

Vitória C Stefano  1 , Saulo Hn Loiola  1   2 , Bianca M Dos Santos  1   2 , Felipe A Soares  1   2 , Stefany L Rosa  1   2 , Celso Tn Suzuki  1 , Katia Ds Bresciani  1   3 , Edvaldo Sabadini  4 , Alexandre X Falcão  1 , Jancarlo F Gomes  1   2
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Effects of hypertonic solutions on two species of human intestinal parasites during fecal examination

Vitória C Stefano et al. Future Microbiol. 2023 Feb.

Abstract

Aim: Ova and parasite examination by flotation requires hypertonic solutions, which can damage the egg and cyst membranes, leading to false negatives. The authors investigated the harmful effects of ZnSO4 and C12H22O11 solutions on the ova and parasite examination. Materials & methods: The authors processed samples using the Three Fecal Test technique. Aliquots were floated in different pH levels, temperatures and solution densities. Results: Densities above 1.12 g/ml led structures to collapse after 6-10 min. pH neutralization of the ZnSO4 solution did not prevent the parasites from changing. Conclusion: All structures were altered when standard methods were performed. To delay collapse, the parasite floating under 5 °C is highly desirable.

Keywords: C12H22O11; ZnSO4; hypertonic solution; parasitic infections; parasitology examination.

Plain language summary

Fecal exams require solutions that can damage the intestinal parasite's shape. This is bad for diagnosis. The authors investigated the harmful effects of these solutions on fecal exams. The authors processed samples using a technique called the Three Fecal Test. Fecal samples were floated in different conditions, including neutral and acidic solutions, high and low temperatures and varying densities of chemical solutions. Densities above 1.12 g/ml altered the structures of parasites. Neutral solutions did not prevent the structures from changing. The structures of all parasites were altered when the usual techniques were performed. Thus, the techniques for diagnosing intestinal parasites in feces must be improved. Temperatures under 5 °C are the best for preventing the destruction of parasite membranes.

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