Investigation of eco-friendly fluorescence quenching probes for assessment of acemetacin using silver nanoparticles and acriflavine reagent

Abstract

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication acemetacin was assessed via two straightforward green spectrofluorimetric techniques. The quenching-dependent derivatizing spectrofluorimetric reactions are the master point of this study. Acriflavine-based method (Method I) depends on forming an ion association complex between acriflavine and the drug in a ratio of 1:1, decreasing the former's fluorescence intensity. Acriflavine or Ag NP's intensity-related quenching action goes linearly with the acemetacin concentration in the 2.0-20.0 µg/mL and 1.0-16.0 µg/mL ranges, respectively. The second quenching mechanism depends on using the silver nanoparticles (Ag NP's) as a fluorescence probe (Method II); Ag NP's were prepared from reducing silver nitrate using sodium borohydride. Both methods could be applied to determine pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms of acemetacin. The methods proved valid according to the international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. In addition to this, this work has been estimated under green criteria assessment tools. There is no significant difference between the proposed and the comparison methods after the statistical interpretation.

Figure 1

The structural formula of acemetacin (ACM).

Figure 2

(A) a,a' are the excitation and emission spectra of 8 × 10⁻⁶ M acriflavine (1.5 mL). b,b' are the excitation and emission spectra of acriflavine in presence of 6 µg/mL ACM. (B) a,a' are the excitation and emission spectra of 1.43 × 10⁻⁴ M Ag NP's (1 mL). b,b' are the excitation and emission spectrum of Ag NP’s in presence of 6 µg/mL ACM.

Figure 3

(A) The emissiion spectra of (a) 1.43 × 10⁻⁴ M of Ag NP's and from (b–h) are different concentrations of ACM (1–16 µg/mL) with Ag NP's (B) The emissiion spectra of (a) 8 × 10⁻⁶ M of Acriflavine and from (b–h) are different concentrations of ACM (2–20 µg/mL) with Ag NP's.

Figure 4

(A, B) The effect of pH and the volume of acriflavine, respectively in method I. (C, D) The effect of diluting solvents and the volume of silver, respectively in method II. (E, F) The effect of the concetrations of the reagents in method I and II, Respectively.