Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Feb 27:14:1107152.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1107152. eCollection 2023.

Gender-specific association of blood lipids and reproductive trajectory with cognitive impairment: A community based cross-sectional study from India

Kevingu Khate  1 , Vineet Chaudhary  1 , Imnameren Longkumer  1 , Kallur Nava Saraswathy  1 , Naorem Kiranmala Devi  1
Affiliations

Gender-specific association of blood lipids and reproductive trajectory with cognitive impairment: A community based cross-sectional study from India

Kevingu Khate et al. Front Psychol. .

Abstract

Background: Abnormal blood lipid levels in the general population and adverse reproductive events among women have been associated with cognitive impairment (CI). However, their relationship has not been extensively studied in community settings. Hence, this study aims to explore the association of CI with blood lipid levels in both sexes and reproductive events/trajectory among women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a North Indian rural population. A total of 808 adults were recruited through door-to-door household survey. Data on socio-demographic variables, reproductive profile of women, and cognitive impairment status were collected. Fasting blood sample was collected to estimate serum lipid profile. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to test for association.

Results: The study demonstrated a lack of association between lipid profile and cognitive impairment among males. Surprisingly, low HDL-C among females was found to be protective against moderate/severe cognitive impairment (value of p = 0.049). Further, menopausal women and those having five or higher live births were found to be at higher risk of CI than pre-menopausal women and those with 1-2 live births, respectively.

Conclusion: The present study hints toward a gender-specific association of blood lipid levels with CI. Further, higher live births and menopause appear to be important risk factors for CI among women.

Keywords: HDL-cholesterol; cognitive impairment; lipids; menopause; sex-specific.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

References

    1. Ancelin M. L., Ripoche E., Dupuy A. M., Barberger-Gateau P., Auriacombe S., Rouaud O., et al. . (2013). Sex differences in the associations between lipid levels and incident dementia. J. Alzheimers Dis. 34, 519–528. doi: 10.3233/JAD-121228, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ancelin M. L., Ripoche E., Dupuy A. M., Samieri C., Rouaud O., Berr C., et al. . (2014). Gender-specific associations between lipids and cognitive decline in the elderly. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 24, 1056–1066. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.02.003, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Andel R., Vigen C., Mack W. J., Clark L. J., Gatz M. (2006). The effect of education and occupational complexity on rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 12, 147–152. doi: 10.1017/S1355617706060206, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Aretouli E., Okonkwo O. C., Samek J., Brandt J. (2010). The fate of the 0.5 s: predictors of 2-year outcome in mild cognitive impairment. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 17, 277–288. doi: 10.1017/S1355617710001621, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bakeberg M. C., Gorecki A. M., Kenna J. E., Jefferson A., Byrnes M., Ghosh S., et al. . (2021a). Differential effects of sex on longitudinal patterns of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurol. 268, 1903–1912. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10367-8, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources