Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://med.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/med-21-47/coif). The series “New Treatments and Novel Insights of Thymic Epithelial Tumors and Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors” was commissioned by the editorial office without any funding or sponsorship. GP served as the unpaid Guest Editor of the series and serves as an unpaid editorial board member of Mediastinum from October 2021 to September 2023. FP reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Takeda, Roche, Takeda, MSB, and BMS, as well as grants and personal fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. SDP reports consulting fees for Consulting or advisory Role: Celgene, Astrazeneca, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche; and Speaker’s Bureau:Celgene, Astrazeneca, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche. IG reports personal fees from MSD, AbbVie, Gilead, Pfizer, GSK, SOBI, Nordic/Infecto Pharm, Angelini and Abbott, as well as departmental grants from Gilead and support for attending a meeting from Janssen, outside the submitted work. MG reports consulting fees for Consulting or advisory Role: Lilly, Celgene, Novartis, Pfizer; Speaker’s Bureau: Lilly, Celgene, Novartis, Pfizer, Istituto Gentili, Eisai Europe Ltd., Roche; Travel, accomadation, expenses: Novartis, Pfizer, Roche. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare.