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Review
. 2023 Jun;119(6):897-901.
doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.03.014. Epub 2023 Mar 21.

How to deal with confounders in an infertility study?

Jennifer Chae-Kim  1 , George Patounakis  2 , Micah J Hill  3
Affiliations
Review

How to deal with confounders in an infertility study?

Jennifer Chae-Kim et al. Fertil Steril. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

Confounding variables represent one of the most important considerations for researchers and readers of scientific clinical papers.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
1A) Relationships of covariates and confounder variables with the exposure and outcomes. 1B) Actual example exploring age as a confounder in studying the association of premature elevated luteal progesterone on IVF outcomes. Age is associated with both elevated progesterone and live birth independently and remained associated in further multivariate models.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Wilkinson J, Brison D, Duffy J, et al. Don’t abandon RCTs in IVF. We don’t even understand them. Human Reproduction, Vol 34, issue 11, Nov 2019, pg 2093–2098.
    1. Roberts S, Wilkinson J, Vail A, et al. Does PGT-A improve assisted reproduction treatment success rates: what can the UK register data tell us? - PMC - PubMed
    1. VanderWeele T. Principles of confounder selection. European Journal of Epidemiology. March 2019. - PMC - PubMed