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. 2023 Mar 6:11:1060028.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1060028. eCollection 2023.

Changes in mortality of Polish residents in the early and late old age due to main causes of death from 2000 to 2019

Monika Burzyńska  1 , Małgorzata Pikala  1
Affiliations

Changes in mortality of Polish residents in the early and late old age due to main causes of death from 2000 to 2019

Monika Burzyńska et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess mortality trends in Poland between 2000 and 2019 in the early and late old age population (65-74 years and over 75 years).

Methods: The work used data on all deaths of Polish residents aged over 65 years (N = 5,496,970). The analysis included the five most common major groups of causes of death: diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms, diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the digestive system and external causes of mortality. The analysis of time trends has been carried out with the use of joinpoint models. The Annual Percentage Change (APC) for each segments of broken lines, the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) for the whole study period (95% CI), and standardized death rates (SDRs) were calculated.

Results: The percentage of deaths due to diseases of the circulatory system decreased in all the studied subgroups. Among malignant neoplasms, lung and bronchus cancers accounted for the largest percentage of deaths, for which the SDRs among men decreased, while those among women increased. In the early old age, the SDR value increased from 67.8 to 76.3 (AAPC = 0.6%, p > 0.05), while in the late old age group it increased from 112.1 to 155.2 (AAPC = 1.8%, p < 0.05). Among men, there was an upward trend for prostate cancer (AAPC = 0.4% in the early old age group and AAPC = 0.6% in the late old age group, p > 0.05) and a downward trend for stomach cancer (AAPC -3.2 and -2.7%, respectively, p < 0.05). Stomach cancer also showed a decreasing trend among women (AAPC -3.2 and -3.6%, p < 0.05). SDRs due to influenza and pneumonia were increasing. Increasing trends in mortality due to diseases of the digestive system in women and men in the early old age group have been observed in recent years, due to alcoholic liver disease. Among the external causes of mortality in the late old age group, the most common ones were falls.

Conclusions: It is necessary to conduct further research that will allow to diagnose risk and health problems of the elderly subpopulation in order to meet the health burden of the aging society.

Keywords: Poland; aging; causes of death; epidemiology; mortality trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SDR trends in the Polish population aged 65–74 years and 75 years and older due to major groups of causes of death in the years 2000–2019.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SDR trends in the Polish population aged 65–74 years and 75 years and older due to diseases of the circulatory system in the years 2000–2019.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SDR trends in the Polish population aged 65–74 years and 75 years and older due to malignant neoplasms in the years 2000–2019.
Figure 4
Figure 4
SDR trends in the Polish population aged 65–74 years and 75 years and older due to diseases of the respiratory and digestive system in the years 2000–2019.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SDR trends in the Polish population aged 65–74 years and 75 years and older due to external causes in the years 2000–2019.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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