Mortality risk factors related to listeriosis - A meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Relatively few studies have focused on mortality risk factors for listeriosis in the literature. Information on the mortality of populations with listeriosis is needed. We aimed to explore the mortality risk factors related to listeriosis in this meta-analysis.

Methods: The studies were considered eligible for inclusion only if they directly compared the mortality risk factors for listeriosis between dead patients and surviving patients. The mortality risk factors included clinical predisposing factors and predisposing comorbidities.

Results: Thirteen studies were included in this study. There were 12,265 listeriosis patients, including 2863 (23.3%) dead patients. The meta-analysis provided evidence that the mortality risk factors related to listeriosis were as follows: 1. Clinical predisposing factors included age ≥ 60 years, primary bacteremia and central nervous system involvement; 2. Predisposing comorbidities included non-hematological malignancies, alcoholism, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and pulmonary disease. In addition, autoimmune disease comorbidity had a protective effect against listeriosis.

Conclusion: The presence of older patients, primary bacteremia, central nervous system involvement, non-hematological malignancies, alcoholism, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and pulmonary disease should alert physicians to the higher risk of mortality.

Keywords: Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Mortality; Non-perinatal listeriosis; Perinatal listeriosis.