Exosomes, microvesicles, and other extracellular vesicles-a Keystone Symposia report

Jennifer Cable¹, Kenneth W Witwer^{2

3}, Robert J Coffey⁴, Aleksandar Milosavljevic⁵, Ariana K von Lersner⁶, Lizandra Jimenez⁷, Ferdinando Pucci⁸, Maureen M Barr⁹, Niek Dekker¹⁰, Bahnisikha Barman⁷, Daniel Humphrys¹¹, Justin Williams¹², Michele de Palma¹³, Wei Guo¹⁴, Nuno Bastos¹⁵, Andrew F Hill¹⁶, Efrat Levy^{17

18}, Michael P Hantak¹⁹, Clair Crewe^{20

21}, Elena Aikawa²², Alan M Adamczyk²³, Tamires M Zanotto²⁴, Matias Ostrowski²⁵, Tanina Arab², Daniel C Rabe²⁶, Aadil Sheikh²⁷, Danilo Rodrigues da Silva²⁸, Jennifer C Jones²⁹, Chioma Okeoma^{30

31}, Thomas Gaborski³², Qin Zhang⁴, Olesia Gololobova²

Affiliations

¹ PhD Science Writer, New York, New York, USA.
² Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³ Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁵ Department of Molecular and Human Genetics; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center; and Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
⁶ Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁷ Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁸ Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
⁹ Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
¹⁰ Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
¹¹ University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹² University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
¹³ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL); Agora Cancer Research Center; and Swiss Cancer Center Léman (SCCL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹⁴ Department of Biology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
¹⁵ i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; IPATIMUP Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology; and ICBAS Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
¹⁶ Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles; Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University and Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁷ Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Psychiatry; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology; and NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
²⁰ Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
²¹ Department of Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
²² Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²³ University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²⁴ Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁵ Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²⁶ Mass General Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁷ Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA.
²⁸ University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
²⁹ Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology and Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
³⁰ Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
³¹ Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
³² School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA.

PMID: 36961472
PMCID: PMC10715677
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14974

Exosomes, microvesicles, and other extracellular vesicles-a Keystone Symposia report

Jennifer Cable et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2023 May.

. 2023 May;1523(1):24-37.

doi: 10.1111/nyas.14974. Epub 2023 Mar 18.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ PhD Science Writer, New York, New York, USA.
² Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³ Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁵ Department of Molecular and Human Genetics; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center; and Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
⁶ Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁷ Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁸ Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
⁹ Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
¹⁰ Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
¹¹ University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹² University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
¹³ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL); Agora Cancer Research Center; and Swiss Cancer Center Léman (SCCL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹⁴ Department of Biology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
¹⁵ i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; IPATIMUP Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology; and ICBAS Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
¹⁶ Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles; Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University and Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁷ Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Psychiatry; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology; and NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
²⁰ Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
²¹ Department of Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
²² Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²³ University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²⁴ Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁵ Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²⁶ Mass General Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁷ Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA.
²⁸ University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
²⁹ Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology and Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
³⁰ Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
³¹ Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
³² School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA.

PMID: 36961472
PMCID: PMC10715677
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14974

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, lipid-bilayer-bound particles released by cells that can contain important bioactive molecules, including lipids, RNAs, and proteins. Once released in the extracellular environment, EVs can act as messengers locally as well as to distant tissues to coordinate tissue homeostasis and systemic responses. There is a growing interest in not only understanding the physiology of EVs as signaling particles but also leveraging them as minimally invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers (e.g., they can be found in biofluids) and drug-delivery vehicles. On October 30-November 2, 2022, researchers in the EV field convened for the Keystone symposium "Exosomes, Microvesicles, and Other Extracellular Vesicles" to discuss developing standardized language and methodology, new data on the basic biology of EVs and potential clinical utility, as well as novel technologies to isolate and characterize EVs.

Keywords: exomere; exosome; extracellular RNA; extracellular vesicle; mitovesicle; supermere.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

COMPETING INTERESTS

Niek Dekker is employed by AstraZeneca R&D. Michele de Palma is an inventor on a patent application filed by EPFL (WO2017134100A1) on engineered dendritic cell vaccines and serves on the scientific advisory board of EVIR Therapeutics, a start-up focused on the development of engineered dendritic cell vaccines for cancer therapy.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
EV Fingerprinting, a new methodology that uses multiparametric flow cytometry data to capture the heterogeneity of EV populations.

**FIGURE 2**
EV Painting: cell surface labeling via EVs. Cells of choice (in the depicted example, tumor cells) are engineered to express the CD63-GFP fusion protein (A) or a membrane-bound form of Sortase-A (B) and its fluorescent substrate (as secreted protein). *In vitro* flow cytometric analyses of the cells are shown. The secreted fluorescent substrate can be observed in the tumor stroma *in vivo* (A, right), suggesting that the Sortase-A substrate is released from tumor cells and it drains into sentinel lymph nodes (not shown). In tumor-draining lymph nodes (B, right), 3D imaging reconstructions show CD169⁺ sub-capsular sinus macrophages are extensively labeled by EVs, as expected. Migratory and resident XCR1⁺ dendritic cells are mostly lacking EV binding, possibly as a result of internalization and degradation of EV-bound antigens for cross-presentation. Of note, several small, round, lymphoid-like cells have been EV painted. Scale bar: 50 um. Each image is a projection of 15um-deep volumes taken at the indicated depths. [Correction added on 23 March 2023, after first online publication: Legend for Figure 2 was updated.]

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Exosomes, microvesicles, and other extracellular vesicles-a Keystone Symposia report

Affiliations

Exosomes, microvesicles, and other extracellular vesicles-a Keystone Symposia report

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources