Quality of recovery after pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block for primary total hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia: a randomised controlled observer-blinded trial

Abstract

Background: The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a novel regional anaesthesia technique that has been proposed as an effective motor-sparing block for total hip arthroplasty. Recent randomised studies show conflicting results regarding the analgesic efficacy of the PENG block for total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: We conducted a randomised controlled observer-blinded single-centre superiority trial comparing the efficacy of the PENG block with no block for patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia. All subjects received multimodal analgesia consisting of paracetamol and celecoxib. The primary outcome was quality of recovery (QoR) at 24 h as measured by the QoR-15 questionnaire.

Results: A total of 112 participants (56 in each group) were included in the analysis. The median (inter-quartile range [IQR]) 24-h QoR-15 scores were higher in subjects who received a PENG block (132 [116-138]) compared with subjects who did not (103 [97-112]) with a median difference of 26 (95% confidence interval, 18-31; P<0.001). Similarly, QoR-15 at 48 h was higher in the PENG group, and opioid use at 24 and 48 h postoperatively was significantly lower in the PENG group. However, we did not find significant differences in pain score, distance to ambulation, or anti-emetic use at any time point. We did not observe any PENG block-related complications.

Conclusion: Adding a PENG block to a multimodal analgesia regimen that includes paracetamol and celecoxib improves the quality of recovery and reduces opioid requirements for patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia.

Clinical trial registration: NCT04591353.

Keywords: peri-capsular nerve group (PENG) block; quality of recovery; regional anaesthesia; spinal anaesthesia; total hip arthroplasty.