Temporomandibular Joint: Review of Anatomy and Clinical Implications

Abstract

Temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are one of the most complex joints. Each one is located on one side of the face, and are composed of mandibular fossa, joint tubercle, and condylar process of mandible, separated by an articular disk. To these structures are attached ligaments and muscles, which will provide stability and movement. When TMJs work properly, jaw movements can be performed without pain or discomfort. It is important to mention that the complex formed by both TMJs will confront the maxillary with the mandibular bone and therefore will be related to the occlusion, linking these structures during growth and development.

Keywords: Anatomy; Mandibular condyle; Masticatory muscles; Synovial membrane; Temporomandibular joint; Temporomandibular joint disk; Temporomandibular joint disorders.