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. 2023 Mar 21;36(1):22-29.
doi: 10.4274/TurkJOrthod.2022.2021.0229.

Assessment of Changes in Craniofacial Structures, Bite Force and Periodontal Status Following Fixed Functional Appliance Therapy

Mohammad Tariq  1 , Muhammed Shareef Parakkal  1 , Saif Khan  2 , Abid Ali Khan  3
Affiliations

Assessment of Changes in Craniofacial Structures, Bite Force and Periodontal Status Following Fixed Functional Appliance Therapy

Mohammad Tariq et al. Turk J Orthod. .

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) appliance on craniofacial structures, bite force and periodontal status in Class II malocclusion patients.

Methods: In this prospective interventional follow-up study, thirteen (13) Class II Division 1 patients in their post-adolescent age group with average age of 17.10 ± 1.63 year was treated with Forsus FRD. They were assessed for craniofacial changes, bite force and periodontal status at baseline, after alignment and leveling, after removal of FRD.

Results: Improvement in soft tissue profile was due to significant dentoalveolar changes. There were significant decreases in overjet, overbite, reference line to upper first molar, H angle (p<0.001) and significant increases in upper lip to E-line, reference line to lower molar and angular measurements like nasolabial angle, U1 to SN plane, Incisor Mandibular Plane Angle (p<0.001). The bite force was significantly decreased on the molar and the incisor region (p<0.001). A significant increase in plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth was noticed without any significant clinical attachment loss.

Conclusion: Class II correction with Forsus FRD appliance was mainly due to significant dentoalveolar changes. Skeletal changes were non-significant. A decrease in the bite force was found with FRD. The magnitude of bite force was more in males compared with females. The increase in GI, PI, pocket probing depth implies the necessity of oral hygiene and plaque control measures. However, there was no significant change in clinical attachment level.

Keywords: Class II Division I malocclusion; Forsus FRD; bite force; fixed functional appliance; gingival index; plaque index.

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Conflict of interest statement

Funding: The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.

Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Showing the CONSORT flow of the clinical study
Figure 2
Figure 2
Attachment of Forsus FRD after leveling and alignment FRD, Fatigue resistant device.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Lateral cephalogram tracing shows skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue variables
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bite force measuring device
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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