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. 2022 Jun 6;58(1):173-178.
doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1748964. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Monoaxial Mechanical Tests on Porcino Knee Ligaments

Rodrigo Ribeiro Pinho Rodarte  1   2 , João Antônio Matheus Guimarães  1 , Brenno Tavares Duarte  2 , Paulo Pedro Kenedi  2 , William Ribeiro Pinho  3
Affiliations

Monoaxial Mechanical Tests on Porcino Knee Ligaments

Rodrigo Ribeiro Pinho Rodarte et al. Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo). .

Abstract

The failure of ligament reconstruction has different risk factors, among which we can highlight the period before its incorporation, which is a mechanically vulnerable period. Loss of resistance over time is a characteristic of living tissues. Dissection with bone insertions of the cruciate ligaments of animal models is not described; however, it is essential for monoaxial assays to extract information from tests such as relaxation. The present work describes the dissection used for the generation of a test body for the performance of nondestructive tests to evaluate the mechanical behavior. We performed dissection of four porcino knee ligaments, proposing a dissection technique for the cruciate ligaments with bone inserts for comparison with collateral ligaments. The ligaments were submitted to relaxation tests and had strain gauges placed during the tests. The results showed viscoelastic behavior, validated by strain gauges and with a loss over time; with some ligaments presenting with losses of up to 20%, a factor to be considered in future studies. The present work dissected the four main ligaments of the knee demonstrating the posterior approach that allows maintaining their bone insertions and described the fixation for the monotonic uniaxial trials, besides being able to extract the viscoelastic behavior of the four ligaments of the knee, within the physiological limits of the knee.

Keywords: biomechanical phenomena; dissection; knee joint; models, animal; tensile strength.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflito de Interesses Os autores declaram não haver conflito de interesses.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Posterior vision of the knee with osteotomy of the tibial insertion.
Fig.
Fig.
2 Visualization of the osteotomy site after medialization of the bone plug of the posterior cruciate ligament.
Fig.
Fig.
3 Osteotomy of the femur between the cruciate ligaments.
Fig.
Fig.
4 Ligament coupled with strain gauge on the Instron.
Fig.
Fig.
5 ( A ) Graph of the force reading x medial collateral ligament time; ( B ) Graph of the strength reading x time of the lateral collateral ligament; ( C ) Graph of the force reading x time of the posterior cruciate ligament; ( D ) Force reading graph x anterior cruciate ligament time.
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Visão posterior do joelho com a realização da osteotomia da inserção tibial.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Visualização do local de osteotomia após medialização do plugue ósseo do ligamento cruzado posterior.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Osteotomia do fêmur entre os ligamentos cruzados.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Ligamento acoplado com strain gauge no Instron.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
( A ) Gráfico da leitura de força x tempo do ligamento colateral medial; ( B ) Gráfico da leitura de força x tempo do ligamento colateral lateral; ( C ) Gráfico da leitura de força x tempo do ligamento cruzado posterior; ( D ) Gráfico da leitura de força x tempo do ligamento cruzado anterior.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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