[Neuromeningeal tuberculosis: clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of 21 patients]
- PMID: 36974313
- PMCID: PMC10038767
- DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.214.18038
[Neuromeningeal tuberculosis: clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of 21 patients]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of patients with neuromeningeal tuberculosis. We conducted a retrospective study of 21 patients with neuromeningeal tuberculosis hospitalized in the Neurological Department between January 2002 and December 2016. Women were slightly more represented than men (SR=0.9), the age group between 20 and 40 years (47.61%) was predominant. The mean time between symptom onset and diagnosis was 25 days. Inaugural symptoms mainly included common signs (100%). Neurological signs included headache (61.90%), vomiting (47.61%) and motor deficit (33.33%). Lumbar puncture and brain CT scan were performed in 100% of cases. All patients received antibiotic therapy and corticosteroids. Outcome was favorable in 61.90% of cases, fatal in 9.52% of cases and marked by the persistence of neurological sequelae in 28.57% of cases. Neuromeningeal tuberculosis is an extremely polymorphic disease in its clinical and radiological manifestation. Early diagnosis and management is mainly associated with a favorable outcome.
Les objectifs de cette étude étaient d'analyser les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, para-cliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des patients atteints de la tuberculose neuroméningée. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective portant sur 21 patients hospitalisés entre janvier 2002 et décembre 2016 dans le service de neurologie pour une tuberculose neuroméningée. Les femmes étaient légèrement plus représentées que les hommes (SR=0,9), la tranche d´âge entre 20 et 40 ans était prédominante (47,61%). Le délai moyen du diagnostic était de 25 jours. Les symptômes inauguraux étaient principalement des signes généraux (100%). Les signes neurologiques étaient sous forme de céphalées (61,90%), de vomissements (47,61%) et un déficit moteur (33,33%). La ponction lombaire et la tomodensitométrie (TDM) cérébrale ont été réalisées dans 100% des cas. Tous les patients ont bénéficié d´un traitement anti-bacillaire et d´une corticothérapie. L´évolution était favorable dans 61,90% des cas, fatale dans 9,52% des cas et marquée par la persistance de séquelles neurologiques dans 28,57% des cas. La tuberculose neuro-méningée est une pathologie extrêmement polymorphe dans sa présentation clinique et radiologique. L´évolution est le plus souvent favorable si le diagnostic et la prise en charge sont précoces.
Keywords: meningoencephalitis; polymerase chain reaction; tuberculosis.
Copyright: Abdellah Taous et al.
Conflict of interest statement
Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d´intérêts.
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