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Review
. 2023 Mar 13;11(3):80.
doi: 10.3390/dj11030080.

Remineralization Strategies for Teeth with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH): A Literature Review

Joachim Enax  1 , Bennett T Amaechi  2 , Rayane Farah  2 , Jungyi Alexis Liu  3 , Erik Schulze Zur Wiesche  1 , Frederic Meyer  1
Affiliations
Review

Remineralization Strategies for Teeth with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH): A Literature Review

Joachim Enax et al. Dent J (Basel). .

Abstract

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a highly prevalent dental developmental disorder with a significant health burden for patients and high treatment needs, yet no comprehensive review article on all remineralization systems as a non-invasive treatment approach for MIH has been published. Typical characteristics of MIH-affected teeth are a lower mineral density and lower hardness compared to healthy teeth leading to sensitivity and loss of function. Thus, the use of formulations with calcium phosphates to remineralize MIH-affected teeth is reasonable. This review presents an up-to-date overview of remineralization studies focusing on active ingredients investigated for remineralization of MIH, i.e., casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP-ACFP), hydroxyapatite, calcium glycerophosphate, self-assembling peptide, and fluoride. Overall, 19 studies (in vitro, in situ, and in vivo) were found. Furthermore, an additional search for studies focusing on using toothpaste/dentifrices for MIH management resulted in six studies, where three studies were on remineralization and three on reduction of sensitivity. Overall, the studies analyzed in this review showed that MIH-affected teeth could be remineralized using calcium phosphate-based approaches. In conclusion, calcium phosphates like CPP-ACP, calcium glycerophosphate, and hydroxyapatite can be used to remineralize MIH-affected teeth. In addition to MIH-remineralization, CPP-ACP and hydroxyapatite also offer relief from MIH-associated tooth sensitivity.

Keywords: CPP-ACP; calcium phosphate; dentifrice; fluoride; hydroxyapatite; molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH); remineralization; sensitivity; toothpaste.

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Conflict of interest statement

J.E., E.S.z.W. and F.M. are employees of Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH and Co. KG, Bielefeld, Germany.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A clinical photo of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) showing a mild level of MIH on primary tooth #E and permanent tooth #24 & #26 (American nomenclatures).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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