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Review
. 2023 May 1;39(3):249-255.
doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000934. Epub 2023 Mar 9.

Bile acids as metabolic regulators: an update

Tiangang Li  1 , John Y L Chiang  2
Affiliations
Review

Bile acids as metabolic regulators: an update

Tiangang Li et al. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review aims to provide a concise update on recent advances in understanding of the bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and diseases.

Recent findings: CYP2C70 has been identified as the murine cytochrome p450 enzyme that mediates the synthesis of muricholic acids to account for the major different bile acid composition between human and mice. Several studies have linked nutrient sensing bile acid signaling to the regulation of hepatic autophagy-lysosome activity, an integral pathway of the cellular adaptive response to starvation. Distinct bile acid-mediated signaling mechanisms have been shown to contribute to the complex metabolic changes post bariatric surgery, suggesting that pharmacological manipulation of the enterohepatic bile acid signaling could be a potential nonsurgical alternative to weight loss surgery.

Summary: Basic and clinical studies have continued to discover novel roles of the enterohepatic bile acid signaling in regulation of key metabolic pathways. Such knowledge forms the molecular basis needed for developing safe and effective bile acid-based therapeutics for treating metabolic and inflammatory diseases.

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References

    1. Li T, Chiang JY. Bile acid signaling in metabolic disease and drug therapy. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:948–983.
    1. Trauner M, Boyer JL. Bile salt transporters: molecular characterization, function, and regulation. Physiol Rev 2003; 83:633–671.
    1. Collins SL, Stine JG, Bisanz JE, et al. Bile acids and the gut microbiota: metabolic interactions and impacts on disease. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; [Online ahead of print].
    1. Li T, Chiang JY. Bile acids as metabolic regulators. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2015; 31:159–165.
    1. Swann JR, Want EJ, Geier FM, et al. Systemic gut microbial modulation of bile acid metabolism in host tissue compartments. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011; 108: (Suppl 1): 4523–4530.

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