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. 2023 Mar 14;14(3):711.
doi: 10.3390/genes14030711.

Polymorphisms and mRNA Expression Levels of IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 in Tibetan Cashmere Goats

Tianzeng Song  1 , Yao Tan  2 , Renqing Cuomu  1 , Yacheng Liu  2 , Gui Ba  1 , Langda Suo  1 , Yujiang Wu  1 , Xiaohan Cao  1   2 , Xianyin Zeng  2
Affiliations

Polymorphisms and mRNA Expression Levels of IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 in Tibetan Cashmere Goats

Tianzeng Song et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

The Tibetan cashmere goat is a precious breed in China and its cashmere is widely used in clothing and textiles. The genes IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 have been shown to be crucial regulators of cashmere growth. In this study, we examined mRNA expression levels of these three genes and detected IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 SNP loci in the Tibetan cashmere goat. After amplification and sequence alignment of the genes IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 among 206 Tibetan cashmere goats, two new SNP loci were detected in gene KAP 1.4, while no SNP loci were found in amplified fragments of genes IGF-1 and FGF5. The expression levels of gene IGF-1 in Baingoin and Nyima counties were significantly higher than in other counties (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression level of gene FGF5 in Gêrzê was significantly higher than in Rutog. The expression levels of mRNA in KAP 1.4 showed significant variation among seven counties. There were no significant differences in mRNA expression levels of IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 in Tibetan cashmere goats when analysed by sex. The gene IGF-1 was slightly up-regulated in one to five-year-old cashmere goats, except in those that were 4 years old. The mRNA expression levels of FGF5 in one and two-year-old cashmere goats was lower compared with those in three to five-year-old cashmere goats. KAP 1.4 was up-regulated across one to five-year-old cashmere goats. In this study, SNP detection and mRNA expression analysis of IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 genes was able to add data to genetic evolutionary analysis. Further studies should be carried out in SNPs to detect other fragments in genes IGF-1 and FGF5, as well as signal pathways and gene functions in protein levels of genes IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 in the Tibetan cashmere goat.

Keywords: SNP loci; Tibetan cashmere goat; mRNA expression.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of the Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goat population, showing different counties and their altitudes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Amplification of genes IGF-1, FGF5, and KAP 1.4 in Northwestern cashmere goats. Lanes 1–8: gene IGF-1; Lanes 9–16: gene FGF5; Lanes 17–23: gene KAP 1.4.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nucleotide sequence alignment of genes IGF-1 (A), FGF5 (B), and KAP 1.4 (C) in Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goats along with that of other goat and sheep breeds. “Cashmere goat” stands for Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goat.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nucleotide sequence alignment of genes IGF-1 (A), FGF5 (B), and KAP 1.4 (C) in Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goats along with that of other goat and sheep breeds. “Cashmere goat” stands for Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goat.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Sequence maps of genotypes C1C1, C1T1, and T1T1 with g.245 C > T of gene KAP1.4. (B) Sequence maps of genotypes C2C2 and C2T2 with g.209 C > T of gene KAP 1.4.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Relative mRNA expression of genes IGF-1 (A), FGF5 (B), and KAP 1.4 (C) in ear skin tissue of the Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goat among seven counties. Data are mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Different letters stand for significant difference (p < 0.05).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Relative mRNA expression of genes IGF-1 (A), FGF5 (B), and KAP 1.4 (C) in ear skin tissue of the Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goat by sex. Data are mean ± SD from three independent experiments (p > 0.05).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Relative mRNA expression of gene IGF-1 (A), FGF5 (B), and KAP 1.4 (C) in ear skin tissue of the Northwestern Tibetan cashmere goat by age stages (one to five years old). Data are mean ± SD from three independent experiments (p > 0.05).
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