Screening of Acrylamide Content in Commercial Plant-Based Protein Ingredients from Different Technologies

Abstract

The demand of plant-based protein ingredients (PBPIs) in the food sector has strongly increased over recent years. These ingredients are produced under a wide range of technological processes that impact their final characteristics. This work aimed to evaluate acrylamide contamination in a range of PBPIs produced with different technologies and classified into four categories i.e., flours, dry-fractionated proteins, wet-extracted proteins, and texturized vegetable proteins. The results highlighted a remarkable variability in the acrylamide contamination in all the classes under investigation, with the flours showing the lowest mean acrylamide content (280 µg kg^-1) compared with the wet-extracted proteins that showed the highest (451 µg kg^-1). These differences could likely be associated with the different processing technologies used to obtain the protein ingredients. These findings suggest the need to monitor acrylamide formation during the processing of PBPIs and, consequently, to study mitigation strategies when necessary.

Keywords: Maillard reaction; dry fractionation; legumes; process contamination; protein isolation; safety; wet extraction.

Figure 1

Bar chart of the acrylamide level in the investigated PBPIs divided by classes. F, flours; DF, dry fractionation; WE, wet extraction; TVP, texturized vegetable protein.