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. 2023 Mar 9;13(3):496.
doi: 10.3390/jpm13030496.

IDO1/COX2 Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Liver Oligometastases

Miaoqing Wu  1   2 , Xiaoliang Wu  3 , Xing Wang  4 , Xiangchan Hong  3 , Yifan Liu  1   2 , Guangzhao Lv  1   2 , Cong Li  1   2   5 , Zhizhong Pan  1   2   5 , Rongxin Zhang  1   2   5 , Gong Chen  1   2   5
Affiliations

IDO1/COX2 Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Liver Oligometastases

Miaoqing Wu et al. J Pers Med. .

Abstract

Background: IDO1 and COX2 have emerged as promising immunotherapy targets. It is unclear whether IDO1 and COX2 expression levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with liver oligometastases could be independent predictors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of IDO1 and COX2 expression levels with OS and PFS in CRC patients with liver oligometastases.

Methods: The expression levels of IDO1 and COX2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 107 specimens from patients with liver oligometastases. The correlation between the expression of IDO1 and COX2 and the clinicopathological parameters and OS/PFS in patients was examined.

Results: The expression level of IDO1/COX2 was significantly correlated with age and was not associated with gender, BMI, T stage, N stage, primary tumor size, liver metastasis size, CEA, CA19-9, CD3 TILs or CD8 TILs. In univariate analysis, we found that IDO1/COX2 expression, CEA and N stage all yielded significantly poor OS and PFS outcomes. In our multivariate Cox model, IDO1/COX2 coexpression, CEA and N stage were found to be significantly correlated with OS; IDO1/COX2 coexpression and CEA were significantly correlated with PFS.

Conclusions: IDO1/COX2 coexpression plays a pivotal role and may act as a potential prognostic biomarker for survival in CRC patients with liver oligometastases.

Keywords: COX2; IDO1; colorectal cancer; oligometastases; prognosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
IDO1, COX2, CD3 and CD8 expression levels in CRC patients with liver oligometastases. (a) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of negative IDO1 expression in CRC liver oligometastases; (b) immunohistochemistry (IHC) of positive IDO1 expression in CRC patients with liver oligometastases; (c) immunohistochemistry (IHC) of negative COX2 expression in CRC liver oligometastases; (d) immunohistochemistry (IHC) of positive COX2 expression in CRC liver oligometastases; (e) immunohistochemistry (IHC) of positive CD3 expression in CRC liver oligometastases; (f) immunohistochemistry (IHC) of positive CD8 expression in CRC liver oligometastases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation of the clinicopathological parameters with OS in CRC patients with liver oligometastases. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences between survival curves were estimated using the log-rank test. (a) We divided all patients into four groups based on the level of IDO1 and COX2 expression. Group I: IDO1LowCOXLow; Group II: IDO1HighCOXLow; Group III: IDO1LowCOXHigh; Group IV: IDO1HighCOXHigh. The association of the four groups (IV vs. I-III) with OS was significant (p = 0.002); (b,c) correlation between CEA and N stage and OS in patients; b: CEA (p = 0.024); c: N stage (p = 0.05). (d–n): Correlation between other clinicopathological parameters and OS in patients. (p > 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation of the clinicopathological parameters with PFS in CRC patients with liver oligometastases. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences between survival curves were estimated using the log-rank test. (a) We divided all patients into four groups based on IDO1 and COX2 expression levels. Group I: IDO1LowCOXLow; Group II: IDO1HighCOXLow; Group III: IDO1LowCOXHigh; Group IV: IDO1HighCOXHigh. The association of the four groups (IV vs. I/II/III) with PFS was significant (p = 0.0024); (b,c) correlation between CEA and N stage and PFS in patients; c: N stage (p = 0.026); b: CEA (p = 0.006). (d–n): Correlation between other clinicopathological parameters and PFS in patients. (p > 0.05).
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