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Review
. 2023 Mar 16;13(3):809.
doi: 10.3390/life13030809.

Sweet Syndrome Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome-A Review of a Multidisciplinary Approach

Cătălina Roxana Ferea  1   2   3 , Stejara Nicoleta Mihai  1   2 , Gabriela Balan  3   4 , Minerva Codruta Badescu  5   6 , Dana Tutunaru  3   7 , Alin Laurențiu Tatu  3   8   9
Affiliations
Review

Sweet Syndrome Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome-A Review of a Multidisciplinary Approach

Cătălina Roxana Ferea et al. Life (Basel). .

Abstract

Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare disease described as a febrile neutrophilic dermatosis with acute onset, the pathogenesis of which has not yet been elucidated. The syndrome is characterized by the sudden onset of erythematous infiltrated papules or plaques located on the upper body and is associated with fever, leukocytosis and neutrophilia. The lesions show a dense dermal infiltration with mature neutrophils. The condition is responsive to systemic steroids. The central nervous system, bones, muscles, eyes, ears, mouth, heart, lung, liver, kidneys, intestines, and spleen may be affected by SS as extracutaneous manifestations. More and more cases have been found to be associated with malignancies, particularly myelodysplastic syndrome, and, less frequently, other hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. Approximately 21% of patients with SS have an associated malignancy and up to 80% of MASS cases are associated with hematological diseases, predominantly myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Myelodysplastic syndrome is a clonal disease of the bone marrow characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis, dysplasia of the bone marrow and peripheral cytopenias. Affected patients have a high risk of leukemic transformation. After analyzing later studies and current practical aspects regarding MDS-related SS, we suggest an algorithm for evaluating these patients.

Keywords: malignancy-associated SS; management; myelodysplastic syndrome; neutrophilic dermatosis; sweet syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Management of patients with MASS.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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