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. 2023 Mar 18;28(6):2757.
doi: 10.3390/molecules28062757.

Xanthan-Based Materials as a Platform for Heparin Delivery

Narcis Anghel  1 , Irina Apostol  1 , Maria Valentina Dinu  1 , Cristina Daniela Dimitriu  2 , Iuliana Spiridon  1 , Liliana Verestiuc  3
Affiliations

Xanthan-Based Materials as a Platform for Heparin Delivery

Narcis Anghel et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Heparin (Hep), with its anticoagulant activity, antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects, and growth factor binding, plays an important role in various biological processes. Formulations as drug delivery systems protect its biological activity, and limit the potential side effects of faulty administration. The objective of this study was to develop novel xanthan-based materials as a delivery carrier for heparin. The materials exhibited remarkable elastic behavior and toughness without any crack development within the network, which also support their application for tissue engineering. It was found that all materials possessed the ability to control the release of heparin, according to the Korsmeyer-Peppas release model. All Hep-containing materials caused significant exchanges of the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) parameters, indicating that formulated natural/natural synthetic polymeric networks conserved heparin's biological activity and its ability to interrupt the blood coagulation cascade. The obtained results confirmed that developed materials could be carriers for the controlled release of heparin, with potential applications in topical administration.

Keywords: drug delivery; heparin; oleic acid; polyurethane; xanthan.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
FTIR spectra of the materials ((A)—materials based on Xn–Alg matrix; (B)—materials based on Xn–PU matrix).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The mechanical properties of swollen Hep-loaded formulations under compression: (A) stress–strain profiles of Hep-loaded formulations; (B) linear dependence of stress–strain curves; (C) elastic modulus (wine color) determined according to the standard method; (D) maximum sustained compression (dark cyan color) and compressive strength (light grey color). The standard deviations are presented as error bars.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM micrographs of all materials.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cumulative drug release data for the tested materials according to the Korsmeyer–Peppas model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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