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. 2023 Mar 22;15(6):1530.
doi: 10.3390/nu15061530.

Individual, Family, and Social Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain in Adolescents: A Scoping Review

Reyna Sámano  1   2 , Hugo Martínez-Rojano  3 , Luis Ortiz-Hernández  1   4 , Oralia Nájera-Medina  1   4 , Gabriela Chico-Barba  2   5 , Ricardo Gamboa  6 , María Eugenia Mendoza-Flores  2
Affiliations

Individual, Family, and Social Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain in Adolescents: A Scoping Review

Reyna Sámano et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

About 56% to 84% of pregnant adolescents have inappropriate (insufficient or excessive) gestational weight gain (GWG); however, the factors associated with GWG in this age group have not been systematically identified. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the available scientific evidence on the association of individual, family, and social factors with inappropriate gestational weight gain in pregnant adolescents. To carry out this review, the MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles from recent years. The evidence was organized according to individual, family, and social factors. The analyzed studies included 1571 adolescents from six retrospective cohorts, 568 from three prospective cohorts, 165 from a case-control study, 395 from a cross-sectional study, and 78,001 from two national representative samples in the USA. At the individual level, in approximately half of the studies, the pre-pregnancy body mass index (pBMI) was positively associated with the GWG recommended by the Institute of Medicine of the USA (IOM). The evidence was insufficient for the other factors (maternal age, number of deliveries, and family support) to determine an association. According to the review, we concluded that pBMI was positively associated with the GWG. More quality studies are needed to assess the association between GWG and individual, family, and social factors.

Keywords: age; family; gestational weight gain; pre-pregnancy body mass index; pregnancy in adolescence; teen.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest in the present study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram used for selecting the studies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Factors associated with gestational weight gain in pregnant adolescents. Association: (+) positive, (−): negative, (?): uncertain.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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