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. 2023 Mar 14;12(6):1317.
doi: 10.3390/plants12061317.

NO and GSH Alleviate the Inhibition of Low-Temperature Stress on Cowpea Seedlings

Xueping Song  1 , Zeping Xu  1 , Jianwei Zhang  1 , Le Liang  1 , Jiachang Xiao  1 , Zongxu Liang  1 , Guofeng Yu  1 , Bo Sun  1 , Zhi Huang  1 , Yi Tang  2 , Yunsong Lai  2 , Huanxiu Li  2
Affiliations

NO and GSH Alleviate the Inhibition of Low-Temperature Stress on Cowpea Seedlings

Xueping Song et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Low-temperature stress in early spring seriously affects the growth and development of cowpea seedlings. To study the alleviative effect of the exogenous substances nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp.) seedlings under 8 °C low-temperature stress, 200 μmol·L-1 NO and 5 mmol·L-1 GSH were sprayed on cowpea seedlings whose second true leaf was about to unfold to enhance the tolerance of cowpea seedlings to low temperature. Spraying NO and GSH can eliminate excess superoxide radicals (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to varying degrees, reduce the content of malondialdehyde and relative conductivity, delay the degradation of photosynthetic pigments, increase the content of osmotic regulating substances such as soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline, and improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase. This study revealed that the mixed use of NO and GSH played an important role in alleviating low temperature stress, and the effect of spraying NO alone was better than that of spraying GSH.

Keywords: Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp.; low-temperature nitric oxide glutathione.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effects of low-temperature stress on phenotype (A) (CK: low-temperature clear-water control, T1: 200 μmol/L NO, T2: 5 mmol/L GSH, T3: 200 μmol/L NO + 5 mmol/L GSH) and physiological indices (B,C) of cowpea seedlings. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test p ≤ 0.05.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of NO and GSH on H2O2 (A) and O2− (B) of cowpea seedlings under low-temperature stress. Each value is presented as the mean ± standard error (n = 3). The differences among the treatments indicated with the same letter vertically were not significant according to Duncan’s multiple range test at p < 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of NO and GSH on ((A): SS), ((B): Pro), and ((C): SP) of cowpea seedlings under low-temperature stress. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test at p < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effects of NO and GSH on photosynthetic pigment ((A): chlorophyll a, (B): chlorophyll b, (C): total chlorophyll, (D): carotenoid) contents of cowpea seedlings under low-temperature stress. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test at p < 0.05.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effects of NO and GSH on the activities of ((A): SOD), ((B): POD), and ((C): CAT) of cowpea seedlings under low-temperature stress. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test at p < 0.05.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effects of exogenous NO and GSH on the activities of ((A): DHAR), ((B): MDHAR), and ((C): APX) in leaves of cowpea seedlings under low-temperature stress. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test at p < 0.05.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Pearson correlation chart.
Figure 8
Figure 8
GSH–ASA oxidation system cycle diagram (the red arrow indicates promotion and the blue arrow indicates inhibition).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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