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. 2023 Mar 16;15(6):1479.
doi: 10.3390/polym15061479.

Dispersion and Homogeneity of MgO and Ag Nanoparticles Mixed with Polymethylmethacrylate

Awder Nuree Arf  1 , Fadil Abdullah Kareem  1 , Sarhang Sarwat Gul  2   3
Affiliations

Dispersion and Homogeneity of MgO and Ag Nanoparticles Mixed with Polymethylmethacrylate

Awder Nuree Arf et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

This study aims to examine the impact of the direct and indirect mixing techniques on the dispersion and homogeneity of magnesium oxide (MgO) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) mixed with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). NPs were mixed with PMMA powder directly (non-ethanol-assisted) and indirectly (ethanol-assisted) with the aid of ethanol as solvent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to evaluate the dispersion and homogeneity of MgO and Ag NPs within the PMMA-NPs nanocomposite matrix. Prepared discs of PMMA-MgO and PMMA-Ag nanocomposite were analyzed for dispersion and agglomeration by Stereo microscope. XRD showed that the average crystallite size of NPs within PMMA-NP nanocomposite powder was smaller in the case of ethanol-assisted mixing compared to non-ethanol-assisted mixing. Furthermore, EDX and SEM revealed good dispersion and homogeneity of both NPs on PMMA particles with ethanol-assisted mixing compared to the non-ethanol-assisted one. Again, the PMMA-MgO and PMMA-Ag nanocomposite discs were found to have better dispersion and no agglomeration with ethanol-assisted mixing when compared to the non-ethanol-assisted mixing technique. Ethanol-assisted mixing of MgO and Ag NPs with PMMA powder obtained better dispersion, better homogeneity, and no agglomeration of NPs within the PMMA-NP matrix.

Keywords: Ag; MgO; PMMA; dispersion; homogeneity; nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study design and groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
XRD test for study groups: (A) control group; (B) non-ethanol-assisted mixing; and (C) ethanol-assisted mixing.
Figure 2
Figure 2
XRD test for study groups: (A) control group; (B) non-ethanol-assisted mixing; and (C) ethanol-assisted mixing.
Figure 3
Figure 3
EDX photos of PMMA-MgO nanocomposite ((A) non-ethanol-assisted and (B) ethanol-assisted) and PMMA-Ag nanocomposite powder ((C) non-ethanol-assisted and (D) ethanol-assisted).
Figure 4
Figure 4
SEM for powder of control group, (A) PMMA powder alone; (B) PMMA powder with ethanol.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM for disc of control group, (A) PMMA alone; (B) PMMA with ethanol.
Figure 6
Figure 6
SEM photos of PMMA-MgO nanocomposite powder after non- ethanol-assisted (A,C) and ethanol-assisted (B,D) mixing.
Figure 6
Figure 6
SEM photos of PMMA-MgO nanocomposite powder after non- ethanol-assisted (A,C) and ethanol-assisted (B,D) mixing.
Figure 7
Figure 7
SEM photos of PMM-Ag powder after non-ethanol-assisted (A,C) and ethanol-assisted (B,D) mixing.
Figure 8
Figure 8
SEM photos of PMMA-MgO nanocomposite discs prepared by non-ethanol-assisted (A,C) and ethanol-assisted (B,D) mixing.
Figure 9
Figure 9
SEM photos of PMMA-Ag nanocomposite discs (A,C) prepared by non- ethanol-assisted mixing and (B,D) by ethanol-assisted mixing.
Figure 9
Figure 9
SEM photos of PMMA-Ag nanocomposite discs (A,C) prepared by non- ethanol-assisted mixing and (B,D) by ethanol-assisted mixing.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Stereo microscope photos of PMMA-MgO nanocomposite disc ((A) non-ethanol-assisted and (B) ethanol-assisted) and PMMA-Ag nanocomposite disc ((C) non-ethanol-assisted and (D) ethanol-assisted).
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