Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Feb 22;11(3):507.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030507.

mRNA-Based Vaccine for COVID-19: They Are New but Not Unknown!

Vivek P Chavda  1 , Gargi Jogi  1 , Srusti Dave  2 , Bhoomika M Patel  3 , Lakshmi Vineela Nalla  4 , Krishna Koradia  5
Affiliations
Review

mRNA-Based Vaccine for COVID-19: They Are New but Not Unknown!

Vivek P Chavda et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

mRNA vaccines take advantage of the mechanism that our cells use to produce proteins. Our cells produce proteins based on the knowledge contained in our DNA; each gene encodes a unique protein. The genetic information is essential, but cells cannot use it until mRNA molecules convert it into instructions for producing specific proteins. mRNA vaccinations provide ready-to-use mRNA instructions for constructing a specific protein. BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) both are newly approved mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines that have shown excellent protection and efficacy. In total, there are five more mRNA-based vaccine candidates for COVID-19 under different phases of clinical development. This review is specifically focused on mRNA-based vaccines for COVID-19 covering its development, mechanism, and clinical aspects.

Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine; mRNA vaccines; vaccine development; vector-based vaccines.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 5
Figure 5
Optimization of mRNA sequence. (Adapted from [56] with rights and permissions).
Figure 1
Figure 1
Different types of vaccine for COVID-19 infection. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 31 December 2022).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Genomic structure of coronavirus. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 31 December 2022).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Interaction of vaccines with the host cells and viral particle. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 31 December 2022).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Categories of mRNA. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 31 December 2022).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Manufacturing process of mRNA sequence. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 1 January 2023).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Mechanism through which mRNA Vaccine elicit immunity to the host. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 1 January 2023).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Structure of Lipid Nanoparticles used for efficient mRNA delivery. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 1 January 2023).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. WHO WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard 2023. [(accessed on 17 January 2023)]; Available online: https://covid19.who.int/
    1. Pal R., Yadav U. COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Present Scenario and a Steep Climb Ahead. J. Prim. Care Community Health. 2020;11:2150132720939402. doi: 10.1177/2150132720939402. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Keni R., Alexander A., Nayak P.G., Mudgal J., Nandakumar K. COVID-19: Emergence, Spread, Possible Treatments, and Global Burden. Front. Public Health. 2020;8:216. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00216. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chavda V.P., Ping F.-F., Chen Z.-S. An Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Care: An Update. Vaccines. 2022;10:2072. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10122072. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Harapan H., Itoh N., Yufika A., Winardi W., Keam S., Te H., Megawati D., Hayati Z., Wagner A.L., Mudatsir M. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Literature Review. J. Infect. Public Health. 2020;13:667–673. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.019. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources