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. 2023 Mar 27:31:e20220375.
doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0375. eCollection 2023.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells accelerate and increase implant osseointegration in diabetic rats

Mefina Kuntjoro  1 , Nike Hendrijantini  1 , Eric Priyo Prasetyo  2 , Djoko Legowo  3 , Ratri Maya Sitalaksmi  1 , Bambang Agustono  1 , Muhammad Dimas Aditya Ari  1 , Guang Hong  4
Affiliations

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells accelerate and increase implant osseointegration in diabetic rats

Mefina Kuntjoro et al. J Appl Oral Sci. .

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of hUCMSCs injection on the osseointegration of dental implant in diabetic rats via Runt-related Transcription Factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix (Osx), osteoblasts, and Bone Implant Contact (BIC).

Methodology: The research design was a true experimental design using Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain. Rattus norvegicus were injected with streptozotocin to induce experimental diabetes mellitus. The right femur was drilled and loaded with titanium implant. Approximately 1 mm from proximal and distal implant site were injected with hUCMSCs. The control group was given only gelatin solvent injection. After 2 and 4 weeks of observation, the rats were sacrificed for further examination around implant site using immunohistochemistry staining (RUNX2 and Osterix expression), hematoxylin eosin staining, and bone implant contact area. Data analysis was done using ANOVA test.

Results: Data indicated a significant difference in Runx2 expression (p<0.001), osteoblasts (p<0.009), BIC value (p<0.000), and Osterix expression (p<0.002). In vivo injection of hUCMSCs successfully increased Runx2, osteoblasts, and BIC value significantly, while decreased Osterix expression, indicating an acceleration of the bone maturation process.

Conclusion: The results proved hUCMSCs to accelerate and enhance implant osseointegration in diabetic rat models.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Graphical procedure of how the implant placement was performed. A. Incision was done on the dorsal side of femur. B, C: Osteotomy was done 7 mm from the distal femur edge according to the implant dimension (implant axis), alongside with saline irrigation. D: The implant was placed into the osteotomy site and pushed until it aligned with the femoral bone surface. E: Osteotomy site on the right femur bone of Wistar rats. F: Scheme on sequential the implant placement. X shows the hUCMSCs injection site, 1 mm from the proximal and distal
Figure 2
Figure 2. The location around outer implant used to measure bone-to-implant contact (BIC) value.47
Figure 3
Figure 3. Differences of Runx2 expression in osteoblast cells between groups. Immunoreactive of surface osteoblast cells colored dark brown chromogen (arrow) (C1: implant 2 weeks, C2 : implant 4 weeks, T1 : implant + hUCMSCs 2 weeks, T2 : implant + hUCMSCs 4 weeks, NC : negative control without antibody, G : Graphics of Runx2 between groups)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Differences of Osx expression in osteoblast cells between groups. Immunoreactive of surface osteoblast cells colored dark brown chromogen (arrow) (C1 : implant 2 weeks, C2 : implant 4 weeks, T1 : implant + hUCMSCs 2 weeks, T2 : implant + hUCMSCs 4 weeks, NC : negative control without antibody, G : Graphics of Osx between groups)
Figure 5
Figure 5. The microscopic appearance of osteoblasts between groups (C1 : implant 2 weeks, C2 : implant 4 weeks, T1 : implant + hUCMSCs 2 weeks, T2 : implant + hUCMSCs 4 weeks, G : Graphics of osteoblasts between groups)
Figure 6
Figure 6. The microscopic appearance of Bone Implant Contact between groups (C1 : implant 2 weeks, C2 : implant 4 weeks, T1 : implant + hUCMSCs 2 weeks, T2 : implant + hUCMSCs 4 weeks, G : Graphics of BIC between groups)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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