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. 2022 Dec 26;18(1):7-25.
doi: 10.1080/21582041.2022.2155867. eCollection 2023.

Does the COVID-pandemic affect the educational and financial inequality in weekly sport participation in the Netherlands?

Malou Grubben  1 , Remco Hoekman  1   2 , Gerbert Kraaykamp  1
Affiliations

Does the COVID-pandemic affect the educational and financial inequality in weekly sport participation in the Netherlands?

Malou Grubben et al. Contemp Soc Sci. .

Abstract

This paper explores the impact of the COVID-pandemic on educational and financial inequality in level of weekly sport participation in the Netherlands. Restrictions due to the COVID-pandemic resulted in several barriers for people to continue sport participation. Lower educated people and individuals with financial problems are expected to have relatively few resources to adapt to the COVID restrictions, and therefore, more likely will decrease their level of weekly sport participation. Using high-quality data from the Dutch Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (LISS) panel, we are able to compare individual sport behaviour before and during the COVID-pandemic. Our findings suggest that the level of weekly sport participation of lower educated people and individuals with financial problems decreased more strongly during the COVID-pandemic. This implies that indeed the COVID-pandemic resulted in increasing educational and financial inequality in sport participation. With these results, our study contributes to a body of knowledge on the broader societal impact of COVID on issues of social exclusion. It may also inform policymakers to critically assess and intensify sport promotion policies directed at vulnerable groups in society.

Keywords: COVID; Sport participation; educational inequality; financial inequality.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Conceptual model.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Change in the level of weekly sport participation during the COVID-pandemic.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Average level of weekly sport participation by educational level.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Average level of weekly sport participation by financial situation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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