Adhesion of coagulase-negative staphylococci to methacrylate polymers and copolymers

Abstract

Adhesion of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) was studied onto a homologous series of methacrylate polymers and copolymers. The materials varied in wettability (contact angles) and were either positively or negatively charged (zeta-potential). Bacterial adhesion experiments performed in a parallel-plate perfusion system showed that positively charged TMAEMA-Cl copolymers significantly promoted the adhesion of CNS as compared with all other methacrylate (co)polymers tested. The bacterial adhesion rates onto the positively charged surfaces are diffusion-controlled, whereas those onto the surfaces with a negative zeta-potential are more surface-reaction-controlled due to the presence of a potential energy barrier. The bacterial adhesion rates onto various poly (alkyl methacrylates) were similar. The number of adhering bacteria onto the negatively charged MMA/MAA copolymer did not differ from that onto pMMA, indicating that sufficient sites on the copolymer surface with the same potential energy barrier as that on pMMA, were available for adhesion. Decreasing rates of adhesion of CNS were observed onto MMA/HEMA copolymers with increasing HEMA content coinciding with increasing hydrophilicity. Low plateau values for the bacterial adhesion were observed on 50MMA/50HEMA, pHEMA, and 85HEMA/15MAA, indicating that the adhesion onto these materials was reversible. Four CNS strains with different surface characteristics all showed higher numbers of adhering bacteria onto 85MMA/15TMAEMA-Cl than onto 85MMA/15MAA and pMMA.