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. 2023 Apr 4;18(4):e0280553.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280553. eCollection 2023.

Delpinium uncinatum mediated green synthesis of AgNPs and its antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potentials

Hina Rehman  1 , Waqar Ali  1 , Mohammad Ali  2 , Nadir Zaman Khan  1 , Muhammad Aasim  1 , Ayaz Ali Khan  1 , Tariq Khan  1 , Muhammad Ali  3 , Ashaq Ali  4 , Muhammad Ayaz  5 , Muzamil Shah  3 , Syed Salman Hashmi  3
Affiliations

Delpinium uncinatum mediated green synthesis of AgNPs and its antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potentials

Hina Rehman et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is becoming a method of choice for biological research due to its environmentally benign outcomes, stability and ease of synthesis. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using stem (S-AgNPs), root (R-AgNPs) and mixture of stem and root (RS-AgNPs) of Delphinium uncinatum. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by standardized techniques and evaluated for their antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potentials. The AgNPs exhibited efficient antioxidant activities and considerable enzyme inhibition potential against alpha amylase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. S-AgNPs showed strong cytotoxicity against human hepato-cellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and high enzyme inhibitory effect (IC50 values 27.5μg/ml for AChE and 22.60 μg/ml for BChE) compared to R-AgNPs and RS-AgNPs. RS-AgNPs showed significant inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Aspergillus flavus and exhibited higher biocompatibility (<2% hemolysis) in human red blood cells hemolytic assays. The present study showed that biologically synthesized AgNPs using the extract of various parts of D. uncinatum have strong antioxidant and cytotoxic potentials.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Schematic diagram of experiments performed.
Fig 2
Fig 2. UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis of AgNPs synthesized using various parts of D. uncinatum.
Fig 3
Fig 3
X-ray diffraction (XRD) (a-c) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (d-f) profiles of the R-AgNPs, S-AgNPs and RS-AgNPs respectively.
Fig 4
Fig 4
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of R-AgNPs (A, B), S-AgNPs (C, D) and RS-AgNPs (E, F).
Fig 5
Fig 5
Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis (a) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (b) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curves (c) of R-AgNPs, S-AgNPs and RS-AgNPs.
Fig 6
Fig 6
Percent inhibition of α-amylase (a), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (b) and butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE) (c) of R-AgNPs, S-AgNPs and RS-AgNPs.
Fig 7
Fig 7
Representative images of antimicrobial activity of synthesized AgNPs against Staphylococcus epidermidis (a), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (b) and Fusarium solani (c).
Fig 8
Fig 8
RBCs hemolytic assay (a) percentage viability (b) and percent inhibition (c) of cells relative to untreated control (Mean ± SD).
Fig 9
Fig 9. Cytotoxicity of synthesized AgNPs against cancerous HepG2 cell lines upon treatment for 24 hrs.
Magnification = 200X, Scale = 100 μm. A = R-AgNPs, B = S-AgNPs, C = RS-AgNPs, D = untreated cells, E = DMSO 1% (negative control).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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